Arterial hypertension is known to be an important risk factor for cerebral and cardiovascular disease. Previous studies in rats have demonstrated that changes in both capillary density and vessel diameter may contribute to increased vascular resistance in hypertension. In vivo studies of human subjects with essential hypertension revealed a reduction in the number of arterioles in the skin and ...

OBJECTIVE Postinfarction hypertrophied hearts have been shown to display a lower capillary density and reduced mechanical efficiency amplified by tachycardia. We investigated whether pharmacological reduction of postinfarction tachycardia would induce capillary growth by treating myocardial infarcted (MI) rats with aspirin, methylprednisolone, moxonidine or captopril, during the first 3 weeks a...

PURPOSE Healthy microcirculation is important to maintain the health of tissues and organs, most notably the heart, kidney and retina. Single components of the diet such as salt, lipids and polyphenols may influence microcirculation, but the effects of dietary patterns that are consistent with current dietary guidelines are uncertain. It was hypothesized that compliance to UK dietary guidelines...

This study analyzes the pressure in capillary tree-shaped networks, based on the thermodynamics and the geometric description of the network. The presence of equilibrium and non-equilibrium effects on pressure is accounted. In particular, the presence of equilibrium effects is shown to be essential for describing the pressure in the network. An approach to the definition of equilibrium capillar...

We study the displacement of immiscible fluids in deformable, noncohesive granular media. Experimentally, we inject air into a thin bed of water-saturated glass beads and observe the invasion morphology. The control parameters are the injection rate, the bead size, and the confining stress. We identify three invasion regimes: capillary fingering, viscous fingering, and "capillary fracturing," w...

Physical inactivity leads to muscle atrophy and capillary regression in the skeletal muscle. Intermittent loading during hindlimb unloading attenuates the muscle atrophy, meanwhile the capillary regression in the skeletal muscle is not suppressed. Nucleoprotein has antioxidant capacity and may prevent capillary regression. Therefore, we assessed the combined effects of intermittent loading with...

We present a dynamic network model for modeling two-phase flow. We account for wetting layer flow, meniscus oscillation, and the dynamics of snapoff. Interfaces are tracked through pore elements using a modified Poiseuille equation for the equivalent hydraulic resistance of the fluids between the pore element centers. The model is used to investigate the effects of capillary number and viscosit...

We study the impact of inlet channel geometry on microfluidic drop formation. We show that drop makers with T-junction style inlets form monodisperse emulsions at low and moderate capillary numbers and those with Flow-Focus style inlets do so at moderate and high capillary numbers. At low and moderate capillary number, drop formation is dominated by interfacial forces and mediated by the confin...

The stability of one liquid thread immersed in a fluid in a shear field is considered by linear stability analysis. A constant shear stress is imposed far away from the thread. The shear flow tends to deform and elongate the thread. The stability of the thread is characterized by the growth rate of a random perturbation. The equation for the growth rate leads to an eigenvalue problem with the w...