Introduction: Pakistan is situated in the Afro-Asian stone belt. We come across a vast majority of patients having renal calculi. The treatment stones has evolved from open surgery to extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) and retrograde intrarenal (RIRS) past 20 years. Objective: To determine mean skin distance (SSD) undergoing ESWL for pelvic compare...

Introduction: Matrix calculi are infrequently encountered in the urinary tract. Their biochemical composition and unusual radiological appearance make it difficult to differentiate them from fungal balls or tumours of Aim: To study radiological, microbiological characteristics matrix tract their management. Materials Methods: This prospective observational cohort was conducted at a tertiary car...

BACKGROUND To present our experience with simultaneous combined minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy (MPCNL) and retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) to manage patients with staghorn calculi in solitary kidney, and evaluate the safety, efficiency and feasibility of this approach. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS The study included 20 patients with staghorn calculi in solitary kidney....

Herein we present a rare ureteric duplication anomaly; blind ending bifid ureter with calculi which is asymptomatic unless complicated by infection, reflux, calculi or malignancy. The diagnosis is often missed at intravenous urography (IVU) and US because the ipsilateral ureter and kidney are grossly normal. In this case the diagnosis was established with ultrasound (US) and mainly with multide...

Introduction There is some debate as to whether commonly used herbs can help the passage of pre-existing large kidney stones. Given the advances with modern techniques of stone removal, this is probably now a bypothetical issue in most clinical situations. What is probably more relevant is whether herbs can help prevent stone formation or assist in the dissolution (or passage) of small stones. ...

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of urinary tract is a rarely encountered tumor. The incidence of this tumor is 1.4 per cent of all renal malignancies (1). We present a case of 52 years male with squamous cell carcinoma of renal pelvis, presenting as chronic pyelonephritis transforming the kidney into non-functioning multicystic cavitatory mass without any renal calculi. The case highlights the ra...

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy has revolutionized the ability of the urologist to remove large burdens of renal stones over the last 15 years. In the United States, it has largely replaced open stone surgery for the treatment of large sized stones. One of the key factors in optimizing outcomes for this procedure is accurate percutaneous renal access. The guiding principles for effective renal acc...

A renal solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is an unusual and especially rare entity. Preoperative diagnosis usually difficult, but it remains of favorable prognosis. In this study, the authors report a case 33-year-old Moroccan man with history left pyelolithotomy who presented 19 cm mass associated two kidney stones in lower calyx. He underwent open radical nephrectomy, pathology revealed SFT. To be...

this is a letter to editor.there is growing interest in the health benefits of botanical diuretics. (1-2) ‎avicenna (980-1037 ad), the foremost iranian physician,‎‏ ‏introduced ‎numerous herbs as diuretics in his renowned book of canon of medicine. (3)‎avicenna and his followers have recommended herbal diuretics for most ‎ailments accompanied by fluid superabundance like lassitude, oedema, and ...

The aim of this study was to assess the inhibitory action of phytate in formation of renal calculi. Hypertension (induced by nicotine) combined with hypercalcemia (induced by D vitamin) was used to induce calcification in renal tissue in male Wistar rats that were fed a purified phytate free diet. Phytate non-treated rats developed significant calcium deposits in kidneys and papillae, as well a...