Invasive non-native species frequently occur in very high densities. When such invaders present an economic or ecological nuisance, this biomass is typically removed and landfill is the most common destination, which is undesirable from both an economic and ecological perspective. The zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha, has invaded large parts of Europe and North America, and is routinely remov...

BACKGROUND Short trials of calcium supplementation show that it reduces loss of bone density in postmenopausal women; longer observational studies do not generally find a lower risk of hip fracture with higher-calcium diets. Fewer studies have focused on vitamin D in preventing postmenopausal osteoporosis or fractures. OBJECTIVE We assessed relations between postmenopausal hip fracture risk a...

Background: Short trials of calcium supplementation show that it reduces loss of bone density in postmenopausal women; longer observational studies do not generally find a lower risk of hip fracture with higher-calcium diets. Fewer studies have focused on vitamin D in preventing postmenopausal osteoporosis or fractures. Objective: We assessed relations between postmenopausal hip fracture risk a...

background: osteopenia is common problem in premature infants. low-birth weight babies do not receive adequate amounts of calcium and phosphorus through breast feeding. this study examines the effect of calcium and phosphorus supplements on osteopenia in premature infants. methods: this clinical trial included 42 premature infants hospitalized at razi hspital in kermanshah. all the babies had a...

This study assessed the effect of calcium supplementation towards the change in serum calcium, phosphorus and magnesium level. We carried out a randomized controlled trial of calcium supplementation in 113 postmenopausal women for 24 months period study. Subjects were randomly assigned into two groups. Subjects in Calcium Supplemented Group (CSG) were to take calcium supplement (1200 mg/day) wh...

Calcium protection against lead and manganese toxicity Abstract Chronic exposure to lead (Pb) or manganese (Mn) is known to alter variety of neurological and behavioral functions. In this study, we have examined the neuro-behavioral perturbations in rats exposed to both Pb and Mn, and the protective effect of calcium supplement. Rats (3 months old) were exposed to Pb (0.2% through drinking wate...

BACKGROUND The aim was to investigate the prevalence of dietary supplement use among pregnant Saudi women and its associations between various demographics. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, a total of 137 pregnant women attending prenatal care from King Salman Hospital completed a self-administered questionnaire including socio-demographic characteristics, general awareness, attitude an...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Recent studies suggest that calcium metabolism and perhaps other components of dairy products may contribute to shifting the energy balance and thus play a role in weight regulation. We compared the effects of cows' milk, calcium fortified soy milk and calcium supplement on weight and body fat reduction in premenopausal overweight and obese women. METHODS AND RESULTS In th...

BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to assess side effects and satisfaction about OsteoCalVitFort (500 mg calcium and 400 I.U. of vitamin D3) usage. METHODS A total 186 people were participated with range age from 18 to 65 years old. Each participant received 1 pack that contains 60 OsteoCalVitFort tablet and used two tablet OsteoCalVitFort daily (1 tablet after breakfast and 1 after d...