As is well known, otoliths are composed in most vertebrates of calcium salts which are in the form of carbonates. Yet, Hastings (1935) in Amblystoma tigrinum and Carlstrom & Engstrom (1955) in Petromyzon found otoliths in these species to be made of calcium phosphate. From a crystallographic point of view the researches of these two authors have provided evidence that the otoliths of birds, of ...

Hygroscopic salts have been detected in soils in the northern latitudes of Mars, and widespread chloride-bearing evaporitic deposits have been detected in the southern highlands. The deliquescence of hygroscopic minerals such as chloride salts could provide a local and transient source of liquid water that would be available for microorganisms on the surface. This is known to occur in the Ataca...

A mixture of cation-and anion-exchange resins, in proportions corresponding to their particular exchange properties and charged with calcium hydroxide, removes seawater salts from solution exchanging calcium hydroxide for the sodium chloride. The regenerant is recoverable. A portion of it may be used again without handling.

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) is a chelating agent can bind to metals via four carboxylate and two amine groups. It is a polyamino carboxylic acid and a colorless, water-soluble solid, which is widely used to dissolve lime scale. It is produced as several salts, notably disodium EDTA and calcium disodium EDTA. EDTA reacts with the calcium ions in dentine and forms soluble calcium chela...

Instant noodles originated in eastern nations and have been accepted due to its practicality low cost. However, high sodium content can lead health problems. The present study aimed reduce increase calcium levels noodles. A control (N1: K2CO3+ Na2CO3) three treatments with the addition of carbonate combination alkaline salts such as potassium carbonates (N2: CaCO3; N3: Na2CO3+ N4: CaCO3) were s...

It appears that about 20 per cent of the serum calcium is ionized (Neuhausen and Marshall, 1922), and that 60 or 70 per cent is diffusible (von Meysenbug, Pappenheimer, Zucker, and Murray, 1921). These figures show that serum calcium is not present in simple aqueous solution. Practically all blood calcium is found in the serum (Kramer and Tisdall, 1922). The normal value for adult humans is sub...

OBJECTIVES To investigate the prevalence of calcium phosphate mineral salt accumulation in degenerative supraspinatus 'tendinitis' compared with a normal sample of human tendons, and to determine whether there is an association of calcium salt deposition with pathological changes in the tendon extracellular matrix. METHODS Cadaver tendons (supraspinatus and common biceps tendons, n = 96) and ...

Though the parathyroids have been known for more than 40 years, their function is still unknown. In 1909 MacCallum and Voegtlin (1) formed the theory that the parathyroids control the calcium metabolism and by doing so exert an influence on the nervous system. This theory was based upon two important findings in parathyroidectomized dogs; namely (a) the beneficent action of calcium salts on the...

AIM An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of supplementing different levels of salts of organic acid in the laying hen's diet on their production performance and egg quality parameters during a period of 16-week. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 140 white leghorn laying hens at 24 weeks of age were randomly distributed to seven dietary treatment groups, i.e. T1 (control), T2 (0.5...