The effect of Phaseolus vulgaris isolectin E4 on polyamine concentrations and ornithine decarboxylase activity of proliferating and differentiating Caco-2 cells was investigated. Values of putrescine, spermidine, and spermine in control cells were highest during the early phase of proliferative cell growth and lowest in the stationary phase. Phytohaemagglutinin E4 significantly increased cellul...

Entamoeba histolytica is a tissue-invasive protozoan parasite causing dysentery in humans. During infection of colonic tissues, amoebic trophozoites are able to kill host cells via apoptosis or necrosis, both of which trigger IL-8-mediated acute inflammatory responses. However, the signaling pathways involved in host cell death induced by E. histolytica have not yet been fully defined. In this ...

Hu, Chaobin, and David H. Perlmutter. Regulation of a1-antitrypsin gene expression in human intestinal epithelial cell line Caco-2 by HNF-1a and HNF-4. Am. J. Physiol. 276 (Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 39): G1181–G1194, 1999.— There is still relatively limited information about mechanisms of gene expression in enterocytes and mechanisms by which gene expression is regulated during enterocyte di...

Biodegradable nanoparticles containing salmon calcitonin (sCT) were formulated using protein-fatty acid complexes, and their in vitro transport against a Caco-2 cell monolayer and the extent of in vivo oral uptake were assessed. Positively charged sCT was hydrophobically ion paired to form physical complexes with fatty acid, phospholipid, and surfactant. Among the complexes, sodium oleate was u...

There is still relatively limited information about mechanisms of gene expression in enterocytes and mechanisms by which gene expression is regulated during enterocyte differentiation. Using the human intestinal epithelial cell line Caco-2, which spontaneously differentiates from a cryptlike to a villouslike enterocyte, we have previously shown that there is a marked increase in transcription o...

The Caco-2 cell line is well established as an in vitro model for iron absorption. However, the model does not reflect the regulation of iron absorption by hepcidin produced in the liver. We aimed to develop the Caco-2 model by introducing human liver cells (HepG2) to Caco-2 cells. The Caco-2 and HepG2 epithelia were separated by a liquid compartment, which allowed for epithelial interaction. F...

In the present study the effects of three flavonoids on the repair of H2O2-induced DNA strand breaks were investigated in Caco-2, Hep G2, and V79 cells. At the concentrations used, myricetin, quercetin, rutin, and H2O2 did not significantly affect cell viability in all the cell lines. Catalase activity was measured in V79 cells and was found to be considerably lower than activities previously m...

Chirayath, Mary V., Leszek Gajdzik, Wolfgang Hulla, Jürg Graf, Heide S. Cross, and Meinrad Peterlik. Vitamin D increases tight-junction conductance and paracellular Ca21 transport in Caco-2 cell cultures. Am. J. Physiol. 274 (Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 37): G389–G396, 1998.—We investigated the effects of 1a,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] on paracellular intestinal Ca21 absorption by det...

Cell lines are the invitro models used for the drug permeability studies in the preclinical and clinical phases of the drug discovery. Cell line models are simple and quick to use and avoids the usage of animal models for pharmacological and toxicological studies and hence cost effective, produce reliable and reproducible results for understanding and evaluating the permeability characteristics...

Gangliosides are glycosphingolipids found in cell membranes and human milk with important roles in cell proliferation, differentiation, growth, adhesion, migration, signalling and apoptosis. Similar changes in ganglioside composition occur during embryonic development, lactation and cancer cell differentiation. It is not known, however, whether ganglioside compositional changes that occur in di...