Lung surfactant mainly comprises phosphatidylcholines (PC), together with phosphatidylglycerols and surfactant proteins SP-A to SP-D. Dipalmitoyl-PC (PC16:0/16:0), palmitoylmyristoyl-PC (PC16:0/14:0), and palmitoylpalmitoleoyl-PC (PC16:0/16:1) together comprise 75-80% of surfactant PC. During alveolarization, which occurs postnatally in the rat, PC16:0/14:0 reversibly increases at the expense o...

The free amino acid pattern of rodent lymphosarcomas was found to differ in a number of re spects from that of normal lymphatic tissues (6). One of the differences pertains to aspartate, the concentration of which was relatively low in the tumors, despite the fact that there was consider able oxalacetic-glutamic transaminase activity in these tissues. Moreover, when cell suspensions of the Gard...

The interactions of lauric (C12) and myristic acid (C14) in suppressing ruminal methanogenesis and methanogens were investigated with the rumen simulation technique (Rusitec) using bovine ruminal fluid. The fatty acids were added to basal substrates (grass hay:concentrate, 1:1.5) at a level of 48 g/kg DM, provided in C12:C14 ratios of 5:0, 4:1, 3:2, 2.5:2.5, 2:3, 1:4 and 0:5. Additionally, an u...

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes (groups I and II) were determined by a newly developed C14 assay in which antibodies against group-specific recombinant proteins of the NS4 region were measured by ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). The genotypes determined by the C14 assay were compared to those determined by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in 50 patients. The HCV genotypes determine...

Since the leaf apoplast is a primary habitat for many plant pathogens, apoplastic proteins are potent, ancient targets for apoplastic effectors secreted by plant pathogens. So far, however, only a few apoplastic effector targets have been identified and characterized. Here, we discovered that the papain-like cysteine protease C14 is a new common target of EPIC1 and EPIC2B, two apoplastic, cysta...

The incorporation of C14-2-glycine into the subcellular fractions of liver, kidney and serum proteins was observed in mice receiving CCl4 injections. The results showed a marked inhibitory effect of CCl4 on incorporation of C14-glycine into each subcellular fraction of the liver, but not of the kidney. The inhibition of the C14-glycine incorporation was most marked in mitochondria, moderate in ...