An inverse analysis model was developed which provides a mathematical framework for interpretation, in terms of the condition of a buried pipeline, of survey data in the presence of random noise. A boundary-element forward model was coupled with a weighted nonlinear regression algorithm to obtain pipe surface properties from two types of survey data: soil-surface potentials and local values of ...

Little is known about the factors involved in regulating the appearance, or differentiation, of solid tumors including those arising from the colon. We herein demonstrate that the mitogen gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) is a morphogen, critically important in regulating the differentiation of murine colon cancer. Although epithelial cells lining the mouse colon do not normally express GRP and i...

Gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) has been proposed as a peptidergic molecule for behavioral fear and itching. Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization studies have shown that GRP and GRP receptor are widely distributed in forebrain areas. Less information is available for the functional action for GRP in the prefrontal cortex including the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Here we used whol...

Mammalian gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) has a widespread distribution and multiple stimulating effects on metabolism, release of regulatory peptides, gastrointestinal and pancreatic secretions, and behavior. GRP is a potent mitogen for a number of tumor types, including colon and lung. Although GRP is known to stimulate the growth of renal tumors, little is known of its synthesis, distributio...

Modern countries utilise buried pipelines for the long-distance transportation of water, oil, and gas due to their efficiency continuity delivery receiving locations. Due soil movements such as landslides, excessive earth pressure imposed on causes damage and, consequently, leaking liquids, gases or other harmful effluents into soil, groundwater, atmosphere. By using a large-scale physical mode...

The gas in a coal seam is clean energy source, but it also the main cause of accidents during mining mineral resources. There large pressure–relief influx upper and lower adjacent layers 1211 working face Wanfeng Coal Mine Jinhui, Shanxi Province, China. Based on evolution law overburden fractures, collaborative extraction mode “directional drilling gas-conducting fractured zone + staggered bur...

Pipeline surface defects such as cracks cause major problems for asset managers, particularly when the pipe is buried under the ground. The manual inspection of surface defects in the underground pipes has a number of drawbacks, including subjectivity, varying standards, and high costs. An automatic inspection system using image processing and artificial intelligence techniques can overcome man...

Based on the small deflection beam theory, bending equation with axial tension of suspended pipe partially buried in the linear elastic soil is established. And the corresponding boundary conditions are given according to the stress and deformation characteristics of suspended section and buried section. Then deflection equation for the suspended section is deduced. Afterwards, the stress and c...