We study the M(atrix) theory which describes the E8×E8 heterotic string compactified on S , or equivalently M-theory compactified on an orbifold (S/Z 2)×S, in the presence of a Wilson line. We formulate the corresponding M(atrix) gauge theory, which lives on a dual orbifold S × (S/Z 2). Thirty-two real chiral fermions must be introduced to cancel gauge anomalies. In the absence of an E8 × E8 Wi...

Petri disease causes decline of grapevines worldwide. The grapevine endophyte Phaeomoniella chlamydospora is the most important fungal pathogen associated with this disease. Epidemiological studies of this pathogen have been hampered by its common occurrence in the internal tissue of apparently healthy vines. Development of a molecular marker for a single strain would overcome this limitation a...

The present study utilizes polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis using partial plastid rbcL and mitochondrial trnC-trnP gene sequences to distinguish the six representative Pyropia species produced via mariculture in Korea. The rbcL, trnC, and trnP sequences of 15 Pyropia species from the NCBI database were aligned to determine specific restricti...

BACKGROUND Several studies on experimental mechanical pain suggested a strong influence of sex demonstrating females to be more sensitive. We examined the hypothesis that not only sex but also gender role affects pain responsiveness and looked for mediators of this effect. METHOD As indicators of pain the threshold the intensity and the unpleasantness of pressure stimuli were measured, as wel...

We critically reexamine the precision tests of the standard model by coupling the current world average value of MW with the recent LEP electroweak data with the aid of a modified ZFITTER program to include the dominant two-loop and QCD-EW mixed terms. The results show a clear evidence of nonvanishing electroweak radiative corrections. The recent CDF mt is a solution of the minimal χ-fits to th...

Aspects of d = 4,N = 4 superconformal U(N) gauge theory are studied at finite temperature. Utilizing the dual descriptions of the large N and strong coupling limit via Type IIB string theory compactification on Schwarzschild anti-de Sitter spacetime, we study correlations of Wilson-Polyakov loops and the static quark anti-quark potential thereof. We find two branches of macroscopic string repre...

We show that compactification of the M(atrix) theory on orbifold T5/Z2 is described by N = 8 supersymmetric quantum mechanics with USp(2N) gauge group and Spin(5)⊗Spin(4) R-symmetry. Using zero-brane and two-brane as probes, we find that each of the thirtytwo orbifold fixed points carry G-flux ∮ [G/2π] = −1/2. This anomalous G-flux is cancelled supersymmetrically by turning on sixteen longitudi...

Osteoporosis is systemic skeletal disease in which there is a progressive microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue, generalized reduction in bone mineral density and this increases the person’s susceptibility to fractures. It is a polygenic condition in which many genes and environmental factors play key role. Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) plays a key role in osteoblast differenti...