Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is a common urological procedure for the treatment of renal pelvis and upper ureteric stones. It is associated with a number of different complications which can be broadly divided into access and nephrolithotomy related complications. Whilst reported, splenic injury is an unusual and rare complication. We describe the management of a trans-splenic access ass...

A new Maple package RootFinding[Parametric]for solving parametric systems of polynomial equations and inequalities is described. The main idea for solving such a system is as follows. The parameter space R is divided into two parts: the discriminant variety W and its complement Rd\W . The discriminant variety is a generalization of the well-known discriminant of a univariate polynomial and cont...

A novel definition of the divided difference is shown to lead most readily to the standard basic properties of the divided difference.

The main contributions in this thesis are advances in parametric programming. The thesis is divided into two parts; theoretical advances and application areas for parametric programming. The first part deals with continuity properties and the structure of solutions to convex parametric quadratic and linear programs. The second part focuses on applications of parametric quadratic and linear prog...

Liu, Cheng Ph.D., Purdue University, December 2013. Non-parametric Spatial Models. Major Professor: Hao Zhang. Covariance functions play a central role in spatial statistics. Parametric covariance functions have been used in most of the existing works on the analysis of spatial data. The primary reason for this is that the classes of parametric covariance functions guarantee that the fitted cov...

Naturally ventilated tropical greenhouse is classified as a complex system because it involves with nonlinear process and multivariable system. The purpose of this study is to determine the mathematical model of NVTG climates to in order to describe and predict the dynamic behavior of temperature and humidity inside NVTG for development of its control system. The modeling of the system is divid...

Extravasation refers to the process by which substances (including fluids or medications) escape into the extravascular space, either by leakage from a vessel into surrounding tissue or by direct infiltration [1-4]. This may occur through the administration of fluids via central venous catheters (CVC) or peripheral lines [3]. Extravasates are broadly divided into irritants or vesicants, based o...

In the present paper, necessary and sufficient conditions are established for a function involving divided differences of the digamma and trigamma functions to be completely monotonic. Consequently, necessary and sufficient conditions are derived for a function involving the ratio of two gamma functions to be logarithmically completely monotonic, and some double inequalities are deduced for bou...

Avian diversity is under increasing pressures. It is thus critical to understand the ecological variables that contribute to large scale spatial distribution of avian species diversity. Traditionally, studies have relied primarily on two-dimensional habitat structure to model broad scale species richness. Vegetation vertical structure is increasingly used at local scales. However, the spatial a...