The acceptability of fundamental features burnt clay bricks is a control course obtained during the production process. applied knowledge and skills in technology were subjectively evaluated quantified. Multi-method research approaches adopted which included questionnaire instruments experimental analysis. Assessing source skill, experience labour team capacity showed that most participants hav...

The Rotary Kiln forms the heart of the cement manufacturing plant where most of the energy is being consumed by the burning of clinker, which when powdered and mixed with gypsum gives cement. In order to assure acceptable qualities for the clinker, it is important to make sure that the raw meal fed to the rotary kiln has been properly burnt for which the temperature in the burning zone needs to...

A model for the simulation of timber drying in a batch kiln has been used for the investigation of a set of different questions related to this drying process. The model is global in the sense that it takes into account that the drying air local climate changes as it passes through the kiln load. In Scandinavian, practice kiln stacks are normally built from boards of random lengths so that ever...

In recent years, natural ventilation technology is extensively used in order to improve indoor environment quality and reduce power consumption of air-conditioning systems in green buildings. However, the effect of natural ventilation on fires needs to be evaluated carefully, and how to make these energy-saving buildings safe is a topic worth studying. This study uses Fire Dynamics Simulator on...

In this work, a kiln energy model was developed with the main objective of assessing energy consumption in industrial lumber kilns. The model simulates kiln energy consumption on the basis of a simplifi ed description of kiln technologies, energy systems and lumber characteristics, and it requires a minimum set of empirical parameters that are calibrated in practice. In this study, the model ca...