Introduction The brainstem represents a small but vital part of the brain. It is a railway station of dominant cerebral pathways; it integrates structures controlling consciousness, respiration, cardiovascular and visceral functions and it is necessary for survival. Even small lesions in this area could be lifethreatening. Thus, it is highly desirable to have ability to image brainstem at high ...

INTRODUCTION Intramedullary brainstem tumors present a special challenge to the neurosurgeon. Unfortunately, there is no ideal part of the brainstem to incise for approaches to such pathology. Therefore, the present study was performed to identify what incisions on the lateral brainstem would result in the least amount of damage to eloquent tracts and nuclei. Case illustrations are also discuss...

The effects of rise time and center frequency on the auditory brainstem response (ABR) elicited by high-frequency tone bursts were examined in six normal-hearing adults. Tone bursts with rise times of 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 msec, duration of 2 msec, and center frequencies of 8, 10, and 12 kHz were used in this study. The absolute latencies of waves I, III, and V were obtained in all subjects, ...

This study evaluated the effects of stimulus repetition rate, phase, and frequency on the auditory brainstem response (ABR) in normal-hearing neonates and adults. In both neonates and adults, the results clearly showed large ABR wave V latency differences between condensation and rarefaction for low-frequency stimuli. Phase dependent latency effects are believed to be a result of the phase-sens...

In order to elucidate why many elderly listeners have difficulty understanding speech under reverberation, we investigated the relationship between word intelligibility and auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) in 28 elderly listeners. We hypothesized that the elderly listeners with low word intelligibility scores under reverberation would show degraded subcortical encoding information of reverbe...

ةيلمعلا ءانثأ ريوصتلا كلذكو ةروطتلما ةيبصعلا ةحلالما ةمظنأ حارج ةردق نم تززع ةيبصعلا ةيجولويزيفلا دصرلا ايجولونكتو يفو ،ةيرؤبلا غامدلا عذج ماروأ لاصئتسا نم باصعلأاو خلما هذه .ةحارجلل ةلباق ريغ ةرشتنلما غامدلا عذج ماروأ ربتعت لباقلما ،ينثحابلا سفنل اًقباس ترشن ةساردل ًارارمتسا ةيملعلا ةقرولا .غامدلا عذج ماروأ ريوصت اضيأو فينصتو صيخشت تشقان عذج ماروأ ةحارج بيلاسأو قرط نافلؤلما حرشي ةلاقلما هذه يف ء...

Traditionally the study of fish hearing is achieved either by psychophysical method (e.g., behavioral training) or invasive electrophysiological recording (e.g., microphonics, single unit recording). A non-invasive, the auditory brainstem response (ABR) recording method is developed to study fish hearing. With the use of the ABR method and the removal of gas from various gas holding structures,...

Brainstem gliomas occur in 10-20% of brain tumors in pediatrics. Over the past 3 decades, the treatment of brainstem gliomas has significantly progressed as a result of the gradual advancements in microsurgical techniques, sophisticated imaging technology and, most importantly, the availability of MRI. In this article, we review the current literature on brainstem gliomas and cover diagnosis, i...

Herein, we report a case of multiple sclerosis in which peripheral and central hearing, were evaluated through early (brainstem), middle and late auditory evoked potentials before and after corticosteroid therapy. Auditory evaluation revealed better performance on all post-treatment tests. In this case, central auditory function tests (behavioral and electrophysiological) identified the locatio...