Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) have been demonstrated to be involved in fungal development, sexual reproduction, pathogenicity and/or virulence in many filamentous plant pathogenic fungi, but genes for MAPKs in the fungal cereal pathogen Bipolaris sorokiniana have not been characterized. In this study, orthologues of three MAPK genes (CsSLT2, CsHOG1 and CsFUS3) and one MAPK kinase ki...

purpose: to evaluate the corneal endothelial cell density and polymegathism one year after laser assisted keratomileusis using mitomycin c. methods: one hundred and three eyes from 52 patients who underwent laser assisted sub-epithelial keratomileusis using mitomycin c 0.02% for 30 seconds entered this study. corneal endothelial cells were evaluated using specular microscopy before and one year...

Laser technology is used in many basic and clinical disciplines and specialties, and it has played an important role in promoting the development of ophthalmology, especially corneal refractive surgery. We provide an overview of the evolution of laser technology for use in refractive and other ophthalmologic surgeries, mainly focusing on two types of lasers and their applications. First, we dis...

Authorising Engineers (Decontamination), a group of highly skilled individuals acknowledged as lacking an effective representative professional body over the past decade by Graham Stanton, the chairman of a new IHEEM Decontamination Technical Platform (DTP) established recently to promote their professional interests, have much both to contribute to, and to gain from, the new Platform, he, and ...

Histological Study. The sections examined were variably pigmented. The anterior layers of the cornea were involved with destruction of the epithelium and of Bowman's membrane (Fig. 3, opposite). The cells, which were predominantly epithelioid in type with vesicular nuclei and a fair amount of cytoplasm, were arranged in alveolar and naevus patterns with thin intervening fibrous strands. Squamou...

REFERENCES ing early leads will not translate into commercially viable products ... but those that do may confer larger Bowman, D.T., O.L. May, and D.S. Calhoun. 1996. Genetic base of incremental gains than are available in the present cultiupland cotton cultivars released between 1970 and 1990. Crop Sci. 36:577–581. vated gene pool. Bowman, D.T., O.L. May, and D.S. Calhoun. 1997. Coefficients ...