The bovine lentivirus, known as bovine immunodeficiency-like virus (BIV), is genetically, structurally, and antigenically related to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). It is not known whether sera from persons exposed to BIV proteins would show either positive or indeterminate reactivity on HIV-1 antibody tests. We used a BIV Western blot (immunoblot) analysis to examine human sera ch...

Tumor viruses can be found in both the RNA and DNA virus kingdoms. All RNA tumor viruses belong to the retrovirus family. Directly transforming Class I RNA tumor viruses carry cellular oncogenes, picked up by accidental recombination, and usually selected for secondary modifications and high tumorigenicity by the investigator. They are not known to play any role for tumor causation in nature. C...

BACKGROUND: Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is an oncogenic deltaretrovirus causing a persistent lifelong infection of B lymphocytes. In addition to the domestic cattle, the virus can also infect water buffaloes. OBJECTIVES: Recent investigations have demonstrated the increasing prevalence of BLV infection among cattle population in Iran. Large popul...

Understanding the basis of virulence of leukemia viruses is a major unsolved problem. Under natural and experimental conditions, retroviruses may replicate freely in the host with no profound consequence. Such is typically the case for vertically transmitted viruses that express early in life, e.g., the endogeneous baboon and murine Akv Grus [I]. We call such viruses avirulent. Horizontally tra...

Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) from either persistently infected bat cells or fetal lamb kidney cells induced rapid syncytium formation in F81 indicator cells. Distinct syncytia were seen within 2 h after inoculation of cells with highly concentrated (500-fold) cell-free BLV preparations and within 4 to 8 h when unconcentrated cell-free BLV preparations were used. Indicator cell densities of 1 x 1...

BACKGROUND Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is highly endemic in many countries, including Argentina. As prevention of the spread from infected animals is of primary importance in breaking the cycle of BLV transmission, it is important to know the pathophysiology of BLV infection in young animals, as they are the main source of animal movement. In this work, we determined the proviral load and antib...

Neoplasms of the lymphatic tissue in the bovine species can be classified into two major types according to clinical and epidemiological data: 1. The juvenile form of bovine leukosis, with three different clinical forms: the multicentric, thymic, and cutaneous forms. The juvenile form is rare and shows a random geographical distribution. It has also been called sporadic bovine leukosis. 2. The ...