Despite the implementation of several banking sector reforms, the real sector in Nigeria is still finding it difficult to access financial resources especially from the commercial banks that hold about 90% of the total financial sector assets. Nominal interest rate is high causing many firms to avoid bank-borrowing. Other formidable financing challenges are concentration of bank credit to the o...

This paper studies the evolution of wealth inequality in an economy with endogenous borrowing constraints. In the model economy, agents need to borrow to finance human capital investments but cannot commit to repaying their loans. Creditors can punish defaulters by banishing them permanently from the credit market. In equilibrium, loan default is prevented by imposing a borrowing limit tied to ...

We develop a model of lending and borrowing in markets where the lender has no access to physical collateral and where the borrower is heavily capital constrained. Our model of micro loans, which incorporates a) the absence of access to physical collateral, b) peer monitoring, c) threat of punishment upon default, and d) costly monitoring by lenders is used to determine the equilibrium borrowin...

Is the observed large increase in consumer indebtedness since 1970 beneficial for U.S. consumers? This paper quantitatively investigates the macroeconomic and welfare implications of relaxing borrowing constraints using a model with preferences featuring temptation and self-control. The model can capture two contrasting views: the positive view, which links increased indebtedness to financial i...

BACKGROUND Borrowing money is a common strategy to cope with health care costs. The impact of borrowing on households can be severe, leading to indebtedness and further impoverishment. However, the available literature on borrowing practices for health is limited. We explore borrowing practices for paying for health care by the poor in Cambodia and provide a typology, associated conditions, and...

In this study, I revisit the claim that nominals denoting complex events must derive from discernible verbal stems and be headed by an overt nominalizer. show Turkish has a set of nominals, crucially foreign origin, which provides counter-evidence to both claims. From perspective grammar, they are morphologically noncompositional, manifesting neither detectable basis nor nominalizer although ca...