p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) acts downstream in the signaling pathway that includes receptor activator of NF-κB (RANK), a powerful inducer of osteoclast formation and activation. We investigated the role of p38 MAPK in parathyroid hormone related protein (PTHrP)-induced osteoclastogenesis in vitro and PTHrP-induced bone resorption in vivo. The ability of FR167653 to inhibit osteo...

Homeostasis of skeletal tissues is maintained by a well-balanced regulation of bone formation and bone resorption (1;2). This process is called remodeling, in which osteoblasts are involved in the bone formation process and osteoclasts are essential for bone resorption. During the remodeling process, bone resorption by osteoclasts acts as a trigger to stimulate bone formation by osteoblasts, a ...

Osteoporosis with bone loss is widely recognized as a major health problem. Bone homeostasis is maintained by balancing bone formation and bone resorption. The imbalance caused by increased bone resorption over bone formation can lead to various bone-related diseases such as osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis. Osteoclasts are the principal cells responsible for bone resorption and the main t...

Mycoplasmas may be associated with rheumatoid arthritis in various animal hosts. In humans, mycoplasma arthritis has been recorded in association with hypogammaglobulinemia. Mycoplasma fermentans is one mycoplasma species considered to be involved in causing arthritis. To clarify which mycoplasmal compounds contribute to the inflammatory, bone-destructive processes in arthritis, we used a well-...

Peri-implant bone resorption after total joint arthroplasty is a key parameter in aseptic loosening. Implant wear debris and biomechanical aspects have both been demonstrated to be part of the bone resorption process. However, neither of these two parameters has been clearly identified as the primary initiator of peri-implant bone resorption. For the biomechanical parameters, micromotions were ...

After initial resorption, the bone volume showed long-term stability following loading of implant. Furthermore, 3D matching was a suitable quantification method to analyze development augmentation.

Dental and periodontal tissue development is a complex process involving various cell-types. A finely orchestrated network of communications between these cells is implicated. During early development, communications between cells from the oral epithelium and the underlying mesenchyme govern the dental morphogenesis with successive bud, cap and bell stages. Later, interactions between epithelia...

The vertebrate skeleton is richly innervated with adrenergic and peptidergic nerve terminals, and these play important roles in bone remodeling. Recent studies have generally shown that increased sympathetic nervous activity causes bone loss via an increase in bone resorption and a decrease in bone formation. Increased bone resorption is based on the stimulation of both osteoclast formation and...

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of alveolar vertical distraction osteogenesis and autogenous bone grafting in terms of bone gain, bone resorption, and implant survival and success rates and investigate the relationship between bone gain and resorption after alveolar vertical distraction osteogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic search was done using MEDLINE, EM...