background and aims. considering the importance of disinfecting dentin after cavity preparation and the possible effect of disinfection methods on induction of various reactions between the tooth structure and the adhesive restorative material, the aim of the present study was to evaluate microleakage of composite resin restorations after disinfecting the prepared dentin surface with nd:yag and...

abstract background: in recent years, the endovenous laser therapy (evlt) has been proposed to treat the incompetent greater saphenous veins (gsv) to increase patient comfort,and to reduce cost as well as risk. evlt causes vein wall thickening, luminal contraction and vein fibrosis. the purpose of this article, as the first report from iran, is to review our experience and outline the early res...

the main goal in endodontic treatment is to eradicate or at least reduce intraradicular microbial population to levels that are more compatible with periapical lesions healing process. since endodontic infections are polymicrobial in nature, intraradicular survival of endodontic microbiota and their pathogenic properties are influenced by a combination of their virulence factors. the purpose of...

To enable high-speed underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) in tap-water and seawater environments over long distances, a 450-nm blue GaN laser diode (LD) directly modulated by pre-leveled 16-quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) data was employed to implement its maximal transmission capacity of up to 10 Gbps. The proposed UWOC in tap...

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Interference lithography IL has proven itself to be an enabling technology for nanofabrication. Within IL, issues of spatial phase distortion, fringe stability, and substrate development have been explored and addressed. However, IL tools are still unnecessarily expensive, large, and complex. To address these issues, the authors previously built a simple IL tool that used a blue laser diode to ...

This paper describes the first use of novel blue diode lasers to make temperature measurements based on fluorescence. As a demonstration of this principle, indium atoms were seeded as a probe species into flames and the resulting diode laser induced fluorescence allowed an accurate determination of the temperature at a point. This permits spatially resolved measurements to be made, which are im...

Introduction: The ultimate goal of endodontic treatment is to eliminate the bacterial infection in the root canal system. While mechanical debridement combined with chemical irrigation removes the bulk of microorganisms, residual bacteria are readily detectable in approximately one-half of teeth just prior to obturation. Laser light can be used to destroy bacteria. This in vitro study was perfo...

introduction: periodontitis is an inflammatory disease, for which, scaling and root planning (srp) is the common approach for non-surgical control of inflammation. using lasers is another approach in the first phase of periodontal treatment for control of inflammation. diode laser has some beneficial effects such as acceleration of wound healing, promotion of angiogenesis and augmentation of gr...

introduction: lasers have made tremendous progress in the field of dentistry and have turned out to be crucial in oral surgery as collateral approach for soft tissue surgery. this rapid progress can be attributed to the fact that lasers allow efficient execution of soft tissue procedures with excellent hemostasis and field visibility. when matched to scalpel, electrocautery or high frequency de...