Gas emission by humans will change climate, warming by 1.4-5.8°C as predicted at the end of the current century. Climate oscillations between warm and cold phases (El Niño) add complexity in the field. The effects on health could be thermal stress, extreme weather events, and subsequently emerging infectious diseases. Consequences on food yields, social, demographic and economic imbalances, cou...

OBJECTIVES To compare modes and sources of infection and clinical and biosafety aspects of accidental viral infections in hospital workers and research laboratory staff reported in scientific articles. METHODS PubMed, Google Scholar, ISI Web of Knowledge, Scirus, and Scielo were searched (to December 2008) for reports of accidental viral infections, written in English, Portuguese, Spanish, or...

Both Orthohantaviruses (HV) and Whenzhou Mammarenaviruses (WENV) are rodents borne viruses, allowing them to spread simultaneously in the same area infect humans. To explore potential threat of HV WENV public health safety, an environmental laboratory investigation was conducted 2020–2021, Jiangxi province, China. A total 461 small mammals 7 species paired sera from 43 suspected HFRS cases were...

Drug use is a prevalent world-wide phenomenon and hepatitis virus infections are traditionally a major health problem among drug users (DUs). HBV and HCV, and to a lesser extent HAV, are easily transmitted through exposure to infected blood and body fluids. Viral hepatitis is not inevitable for DUs. Licensed vaccines are available for hepatitis A and hepatitis B. The purpose of this overview is...

Health care personnel are at increased risk of contracting blood borne pathogens due to their occupational exposure to blood and body fluids [1-4]. More than twenty diseases can get transmitted through needle stick injuries including Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and HIV [5]. Occupational exposure to blood can result from percutaneous injury (needle stick or other sharps injury), mucocutaneous injur...

context several risk factors play the role in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) from which chronic hepatitis b and c infections are the most important ones. dna integration of hepatitis viruses alters the function of critical genes promoting malignant transformation of virus-infected liver cells. evidence acquisition there are remarkable geographic differences in prevalence of c...