BACKGROUND Few studies have examined temporal trends in sodium intake in the US population. Collections of 24-h urine sodium excretions are reliable markers for dietary sodium intake. OBJECTIVE We examined temporal trends in 24-h urine sodium excretions to estimate temporal trends in sodium intake in the US population. DESIGN We performed a systematic search of English-language articles in ...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the possible relationship between the human tissue kallikrein amidase activity with sex and ethnicity in Brazilian primary hypertensive patients. DESIGN Population-based study. PARTICIPANTS One hundred men and women, Black and White primary hypertensive patients aged 20 years and older were selected. Eighty nine healthy individuals, paired according to age, sex, and et...

This 40-year-old man was treated for suicidal quinalphos 25%EC consumption. He developed intermediate syndrome with normal response to repetitive nerve stimulation, pancreatitis with high enzyme elevations, and normal computed tomography and excreted black, brown, and orange urine sequentially over the first nine days of hospitalization. The last complication has not been previously reported wi...

A 76-year-old woman was admitted for cardiac decompensation, hypertension, and renal failure. To explore her chronic hypertension, urinary fractionated metanephrines were quantified. Fig. 1A shows the chromatogram of the patient’s urine, and Fig. 1B shows the chromatogram of a calibration standard. A very large methoxytyramine peak was observed (Fig. 1A, black arrow). The peak signal was satura...

BACKGROUND Variation in different urinary measurements for evaluation of iodine status is of concern to clinicians and researchers. OBJECTIVE This study evaluated variations between urine iodine concentration (UIC), spot and 24-h urine sample creatinine concentrations, and 24-h urine iodine excretion (24-h UIE) in repeated samples from school-age children. METHODS Urine samples (24 h and mo...

melamine is a new risk of urinary stones. gansu province is a heavily affected area and has large population and underdeveloped economy. we hypothesized that number of family members and family income may play significant roles in the formation of urinary stones. a case-control study was performed among 190 infants. results showed that the case group had less numbers of family members than the ...

Quantification of proteinuria is usually predicated upon 24-hour urine collection. Multiple factors influence urine collection and the rate of protein and creatinine excretion. Urine collection is often incomplete, and therefore creatinine and protein excretion rates are underestimated. A random urine protein-creatinine (P-C) ratio has been shown over the years to be a reliable alternative to t...

background: alkaptonuria is a rare genetic disease leading to the accumulation of homogentesic acid in joint and ear cartilage, sclera and some other tissues causing significant morbidity in these patients. in this paper, we report three cases of alkaptonuria among the family or household members. case presentation: a 51-year-old man with mechanical low back and knee pain was referred to rheuma...

B ankir et al. (1) report that young, healthy black individuals concentrate urine significantly more than matched white individuals and excrete lower urine volumes. In addition, they found that, among men, pulse pressure was significantly higher in normotensive black individuals than in white individuals, although there was no significant difference in systolic and diastolic BP. These findings ...

TheNHANES 2003–2006 has assessed iron and iodine status, 2 trace element nutrients of continued public health interest, in the U.S. population. We investigated associations of sociodemographic (age, sex, race-ethnicity, education, income) and lifestyle (smoking, alcohol consumption, BMI, physical activity, dietary supplement use) variables with the iron status indicators serum ferritin, soluble...