Black and gray hole attack is one kind of routing disturbing attacks and can bring great damage to the network. As a result, an efficient algorithm to detect black and gray attack is itnportant. This paper de1nonstrate an adaptive approach to detecting black and gray hole attacks in ad hoc network based on a cross layer design. In network layer, we proposed a path-based 1nethod to overhear the ...

Web Services are the foundations of modern Service Oriented Architecture (SOA). Typical Web Services include message exchange between a consumer and a producer using SOAP request and responses over the ubiquitous HTTP protocol. A Web service producer advertises its services to potential consumers through Web Services Description Language (WSDL) – an XML file that contains details of available o...

Mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is an autonomous self-configuring infrastructure-less wireless network. MANET is vulnerable to a lot of routing security threats due to unreliability of its nodes that are highly involved in the routing process. In this paper, a new technique is proposed to enhance the security of one of the most popular MANET routing protocols that is called Ad hoc on Demand Dista...

PURPOSE To investigate patients' perception of glaucomatous VF loss and its association with glaucoma severity using the Amsler grid test. METHODS In this prospective cross-sectional study, glaucoma patients with abnormal 10-2 Humphrey Swedish Interactive Threshold Algorithm-standard VF tests were enrolled consecutively. All patients underwent a black-on-white Amsler grid test for each eligib...

High-dimensional gray-box identi cation is a fairly unexplored part of system identi cation. Nevertheless, system identi cation problems tend to be more high-dimensional nowadays. In this paper we deal with high-dimensional regression with regressors constrained to some manifold. A recent technique in this class is weight determination by manifold regularization (WDMR). WDMR, however, is a blac...

Eight species of. black coral were found off northwest Trinidad, West Indies. Antipathes thamnea n. sp. is described and compared with specimens of the closely related species A. hirta Gray, 1857 and A. barbadensis (Brook), 1889. Two other species, A. atlantica Gray, 1857 and A. gracilis Gray, 1860, are-redescribed and compared. A sheltered site and one exposed to strong currents were sampled; ...

DERMOSCOPIC APPEARANCE The dermoscopic analysis (Fig 2) revealed peripheral dotted vessels, linear irregular vessels, milky red areas, and white streaks, suggestive of melanoma. However, there were no structures or vascular patterns found in cutaneous epitheliomas, such as leaf-like areas, blue-gray ovoid nests, or arborizing or glomerular vessels. It is noteworthy that no brown, black, gray, o...