During the last three decades, a large number of investigations has been reported pertaining to the science and technology of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) based mainly on the yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolyte. Because of the problems associated with the high temperature of operation ( ,-~ 1 000 ~ of the YSZ-based cells, there has been a substantial effort to develop alternative ele...

A method for rapid screening of photocatalysts employing a form of scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) is described. A piezoelectric dispenser was used to deposit arrays composed of approximately 300-microm-size photocatalyst spots with different compositions onto conducting glass, fluorine-doped tin oxide substrate. The scanning tip of the SECM was replaced by a fiber optic connected to...

We demonstrate widely tunable wavelength conversion based on four-wave mixing using a dispersion-shifted bismuth-oxide photonic crystal fiber (Bi-PCF). A 1-meter-long Bi-PCF is used as the nonlinear medium for wavelength conversion of a 10 Gb/s non-return-to-zero (NRZ) signal. A 3- dB working range of the converted signal over 35 nm is obtained with around 1-dB power penalty in the bit-error-ra...

Iron oxide and bismuth powder are synthesized by the liquid phase precipitation method. Then a certain proportion of iron oxide, sodium chloride mixed ground to prepare ferrite precursor molten salt The precursors calcined at different temperatures obtain photocatalyst. By studying degradation performance photocatalysts for methyl orange dyes, best conditions dyes found. experimental results sh...

A small number of medicaments are used in oral and maxillofacial surgery to dress wounds, relieve pain, prevent infection and promote healing. While these materials are routinely used, their constituents, uses and effects on oral tissues are rarely discussed. This literature review provides an overview of the constituents, uses and effects of the common materials--oxidised regenerated cellulose...

Iron was inserted into the known crystal structure of the bismuth phosphate oxide Bi(6.67)(PO(4))(4)O(4) to ascertain its location in the vacancies associated with the bismuth ion located at the origin of the unit cell. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction refinements converged to a model of composition Bi(6)(Bi(0.32)Fe(0.68))(PO(4))(4)O(4) (hexabismuth iron tetraphosphate tetraoxide), in which Bi ...

The zero-resistance temperature of the high-T, oxide superconductor Bi2CaSr2Cu208+z {2:1:2:2)can be significantly increased by annealing at 500 C in an oxygen-reduced environment. Raman spectroscopy of high-density sintered samples shows that processing the material in this way increases the strength of the Raman peak of highest frequency {650cm '), leaving the strengths of the other oxygen pea...