In recent years satellite observations have recorded a number of point X UD\ sources in the sky. Such sources are overwhelmingly identified with medium to high redshift quasars. These quasars can now be shown to originate in low redshift, active galaxies which eject them along their minor (rotation) axis. It can be empirically demonstrated that this is how galaxies are born and evolve. The obse...

Strong anomalous diffusion, where ⟨|x(t)|(q)⟩ ∼ tqν(q) with a nonlinear spectrum ν(q) ≠ const, is wide spread and has been found in various nonlinear dynamical systems and experiments on active transport in living cells. Using a stochastic approach we show how this phenomenon is related to infinite covariant densities; i.e., the asymptotic states of these systems are described by non-normalizab...

This article reviews and discusses (1) the discovery and early work on the evolution of quasars and AGNs, (2) the different techniques used to find quasars and their suitability for evolutionary studies, (3) the current status of our knowledge of AGN evolution for 0< z < 6, (4) the new results and questions that deep radio and X-ray surveys are producing for the subject, (5) the relation of AGN...

AIM The aim of the study was to examine changes over time in satisfaction with usual transport mode, explore individual and area level characteristics as mediators in the likelihood of transport satisfaction, and whether any changes in transport satisfaction varied by these factors over time. METHODS Adults from West Central Scotland, United Kingdom, who participated at both waves of the repe...

We show that active transport processes in biological systems can be understood through a local equilibrium description formulated at the mesoscale, the scale to describe stochastic process. This new approach uses the method established by nonequilibrium thermodynamics to account for the irreversible processes occurring at this scale and provides nonlinear kinetic equations for the rates in ter...

Single entry communities (SECs) and cul-de-sacs minimize route choices and increase trip distance. Las Vegas' built environment facilitates the examination of these variables and active transport to school (ATS) rates. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of SECs and cul-de-sacs on ATS rates in Las Vegas, NV elementary children. Parental-reported data was collected from 11 ele...

In contrast to Brownian transport, the active motility of microbes, cells, animals and even humans often follows another random process known as truncated Lévy walk. These stochastic motions are characterized by clustered small steps and intermittent longer jumps that often extend towards the size of the entire system. As there are repeated suggestions, although disagreement, that Lévy walks ha...

This mixed methods study was a comprehensive impact-process evaluation of the Ride2School program in metropolitan and regional areas in Victoria, Australia. The program aimed to promote transport to school for primary school children. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected at baseline and followup from two primary schools involved in the pilot phase of the program and two matched comp...

Euphorbiaceae is a family of plant spread in all parts of the world except very cold regions. The genus Euphorbia consists of over eighty-two species grown wildly in Iran. Some of Euphorbia species are used in the treatment cancer and tumors in different countries. The genus Euphorbia has been the source of a large number of biological active compounds. In this study petroleum ether, ether, eth...

BACKGROUND Parks are important for providing opportunities for physical activity among youth. Apart from engaging in physical activity whilst visiting a park, active transportation (e.g. walking or cycling) to parks is potentially an additional source of physical activity. Previous research has shown that a major barrier to young people visiting parks is their inability to visit parks unaccompa...