BACKGROUND The development of abuse deterrent formulations is one strategy for reducing prescription opioid misuse and abuse. A putative abuse deterrent formulation of oxycodone extended release (OxyContin®) was introduced in 2010. Early reports demonstrated reduced abuse and diversion, however, an analysis of social media found 32 feasible methods to circumvent the abuse deterrent mechanism. W...

OBJECTIVE   Prescription opioid analgesics are commonly prescribed for moderate to severe pain. An unintended consequence of prescribing opioid analgesics is the abuse and diversion of these medications. Tapentadol ER is a recently approved centrally acting analgesic with synergistic mechanisms of action: μ-opioid receptor agonism and inhibition of norepinephrine reuptake. We assessed the amoun...

Overview Diversion is the unauthorized transfer of arms and ammunition from the stocks of legal users to the illicit market. Throughout the world, it sustains the activities of non-state armed groups, terrorist organizations, and armed criminality. It is one of the principal sources of illicit weaponry and represents a grave threat to the safety of civilian populations, as well as to the securi...

OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of prescription medication diversion among college students; to compare classes of medications with respect to the likelihood of diversion; to document the most common methods of diversion; and to examine the characteristics of students who diverted medications. METHOD A cross-sectional analysis of personal interview data collected between August 2006 and ...

In all species so far studied, including man, portacaval shunt causes the same changes in liver morphology, including hepatocyte atrophy, fatty infiltration, deglycogenation, depletion and disorganization of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) and its lining polyribosomes, and variable but less specific damage to other organelles. Many, perhaps all, biosynthetic processes are quickly depresse...

This study was motivated by a concern that Indigenous juvenile offenders were not receiving the benefits of diversionary schemes. Previous research had suggested that Indigenous offenders are diverted at a significantly lower rate than non-Indigenous offenders. This research, however, had not compared rates of diversion after adjusting for offender characteristics and other factors that can be ...

I am deeply indebted to the radiologists of the Royal Victoria Hospital, and in particular to Doctor D. C. Porter, for a great deal of help and advice, as well as for the X-ray examinations. I am obliged to the visiting medical staff of the Belfast City Hospital who have kindly allowed me to use their notes and X-rays in some cases. I owe the haematological examinations to Doctor M. G. Nelson a...

OBJECTIVES To understand the extent to which medication adherence was related to diversion of prescription analgesics. DESIGN Cross-sectional analyses of data from the College Life Study, a prospective study of young adults. SETTING Participants were originally sampled as incoming first-time first-year college students from one large public university in the Mid-Atlantic United States. PA...

Pancreaticobiliary maljunction (PBM) is a congenital malformation that is associated with biliary cancer development. When patients are diagnosed with PBM, a diversion operation is recommended. Although a risk remains for developing residual bile duct carcinoma following diversion, the development of a carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater after a diversion operation for PBM is rare. We present a t...

OBJECTIVES The primary objective of this study is to investigate household diversion of stimulant medication. Secondary objectives are to examine clinical/demographic predictors of diversion, types of formulations diverted, exposure to household diversion in the media, and storage of prescription stimulants within households. METHODS Questionnaires were completed by 180 parents of youth who w...