Background: This paper is a commentary to the article entitled: “Are we overpathologizing everyday life? A tenable blueprint for behavioral addiction research”, by Billieux, Schimmenti, Khazaal, Maurage and Heeren (2015). Methods and Aims: In this manuscript, we commented on two aspects developed by the authors. Billieux et al. (2015) propose that the recent development of propositions of behav...

The longevity of some of the behavioral abnormalities that characterize drug addiction has suggested that regulation of neural gene expression may be involved in the process by which drugs of abuse cause a state of addiction. Increasing evidence suggests that the transcription factor DFosB represents one mechanism by which drugs of abuse produce relatively stable changes in the brain that contr...

Drug addiction is a persistent brain disease with severe and sometimes fatal consequences. Addictive drugs induce long-lasting neuroadaptations in the functioning of the nervous system and currently there is no efficient pharmacological treatment that can successfully prevent or reverse these changes. As a consequence, addicted individuals often suffer from recurrent relapses, sometimes trigger...

BACKGROUND Following the publication of our paper ‘Muscle Dysmorphia: Could it be classified as an addiction to body image?’ in the Journal of Behavioral Addictions, two commentaries by Jon Grant and Johanna Nieuwoudt were published in response to our paper. METHOD Using the ‘addiction components model’, our main contention is that muscle dysmorphia (MD) actually comprises a number of differe...

The problematic use of smartphones has extensively drawn social attention because of the harmful and disturbing outcomes. However, there has been little comprehensive research concerning the mechanism of problematic behavior in the use of smartphone, particularly for behavioral addiction. Given the specific characteristics of smartphones (e.g., high mobility, instant connection, and ubiquitous ...

BACKGROUND Internet addiction and drug abuse isolate adolescents from their family and friends and cause damage to their health, relations, emotions, and spirit. In the society, adolescents' addiction extracts high cost on health care, educational failure and mental health services. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess the behavioral patterns of Internet and drug addiction among urb...

At present and based on the studies and scientific literature consulted we can say that the addiction to work is part of this set of new addictions. That in psychological terms is a psychological addiction of the cognitive-behavioral order. In other words behavioral/emotional, which unlike chemical addiction to a drug, the addiction to work does not have a “substance”. For this reason, when we ...

Although Internet addiction has been widely reported as a problematic phenomenon, Internet addiction disorder has still not been officially recognized as a form of behavioral disorder in the most recent edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical of Manual of Mental Disorders. Nonetheless, studies of Internet addiction have received increased attention from professionals and scientists who find t...