Explanation-Based Reinforcement Learning (EBRL) was introduced by Dietterich and Flann as a way of combining the ability of Reinforcement Learning (RL) to learn optimal plans with the generalization ability of Explanation-Based Learning (EBL) (Di-etterich & Flann, 1995). We extend this work to domains where the agent must order and achieve a sequence of subgoals in an optimal fashion. Hierarchi...

background: team-based learning is a structured type of cooperative learning that is becoming increasingly more popular in nursing education. this study compares levels of nursing students' perception of the psycho-social climate of the classroom between conventional lecture group and team-based learning group.   methods: in a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest design 38 nursing stu...

selective harmonic elimination (she) is a powerful modulation scheme aims to find the required switching angles in order to eliminate the number of undesired harmonics. she is a complicated problem which consists of several nonlinear equations which have multiple local minima. in order to eliminate the higher number of undesired harmonics and as a result reducing the total harmonic distortion (...

introduction: despite the importance of curriculum analysis for internal refinement of a programme, the approach for such a step in under-described in the literature. this article describes the analysis of the medical curriculum at the faculty of medicine, university of gezira (fmug). this analysis is crucial in the era of innovative medical education since introducing new curricula and curricu...

competency- based mastery learning: a planned clinical experience for nursing students     baghaei r [1] , mohammadpour y [2] *, habibzade h [3] , rasouli d [4] , khalilzadeh h [5] , jafarizadeh h [6]    received: 2 may, 2011 accepted: 6 july, 2011   abstract  background & aims: clinical education is one of the most important and crucial parts of nursing education. successful clinical education...

Background: Problem-based learning is a student-centered teaching method that encourages students to become active learners in the classroom and  to improve the learning processes.  The aim of this study was to compare two methods of teaching, problem- based learning (PBL) and lecture-based learning, in an embryology course. Methods: This was a semi-experimental study conducted in Kurdistan Uni...

background and purpose: adequate evidence based medicine (ebm) knowledge and skills are required to provide up-to-date, high quality medical care to patients. unfortunately, achieving these skills and knowledge requires a prolonged learning process and constant exposure to ebm concepts. the adult learning theory holds the assumption that adults learn better in a problem based and collaborative ...

the steady growing innovations in the area of information and communication technology have raised new concepts and possibilities in different life aspects. in the field of further education and professional training, electronic learning and web-based education are perhaps the most prominent ones. proponents of this technology claim that e-learning courses are at least as effective as correspon...

the belief that output practice is crucial in l2 learning affects foreign language teaching methodology. and researchers have endeavored to find the best ways to encourage learners to produce and practice whatever they hear as an input in the process of learning. moreover, learning styles and the importance of matching learners’ styles with those of teachers inspired the researchers to investig...