In November, 1963, a small private symposium met at Johns Hopkins Univers^ to explore what were the major problems in making safe and effective drugs avails. from both the academic and industrial fields were present. In addition, the gt?f. included economists, the president of a drug company, lawyers and an Eng'1^ social scientist (Professor Richard Titmuss). In the course of their deliberation...

I n global-health politics, cardiovascular disease is the elephant in the room—a massive problem that few want to acknowledge and even fewer want to tackle. In [a recent issue of] Lancet, Carlene Lawes and colleagues, on behalf of the International Society of Hypertension, estimate that bloodpressure-related diseases cause about half this burden, killing around 8 million people each year.1 Low-...

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Highlights Q The Good: Sweeping reform plan does not pass because it is too costly to be financed without huge taxes. But, healthcare disinflation continues; drug companies keep their pricing increases to CPI or CPI + 1%. Health supply/device stocks unit growth flattens, but best companies still achieve 12-15% growth. Firms withdraw from marginal businesses, trim sales forces/product lines and ...

Dr. Salk's professional life was as far removed from that oftoday's researchers at the National Institutes ofHealth as the sun is from, say, Wall Street. Theoretically, the NIH belongs to the American people. U.S. taxpayers give it $28 billion a year to develop remedies for human misery. Many assume that today's NIH researchers are carrying on the mission as Salk did, free from financial or com...

The Occasional Papers series is intended to provide a forum for examining a wide range of topics of interest to the hemophilia community. The World Federation of Hemophilia does not engage in the practice of medicine and under no circumstances recommends particular treatment for specific individuals. Dose schedules and other treatment regimes are continually revised and new side effects recogni...

nowadays, strategic planning was very important for every company, many companies realize the importance of strategic planning. holding companies have considered this issue. strategic planning in holding multibusinessess company differs from other single companies based on complexities. holding companies are faced with two important strategic decisions: 1) what areas and how investments should ...

The study aims at providing a model for talent management in active knowledge-based companies in agricultural domain of Guilan Province. This applied and descriptive study with a mixed research method. In the qualitative part, an in-depth semi-structured interview with 30 experts was used and also the theoretical foundations and research background study were applied for qualitative data collec...

This research aimed to study the behavior of real earnings management and earnings management based on accruals to achieve an average profitability of listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. In this study, we focus on the optional operating cash flow, optional cost and production cost as real earnings management representatives as well as discretionary accruals as an earnings management acco...

Taxonomy(general), the practice and science of classification of things or concepts, including the principles that underlie such classification. Economic taxonomy, a system of classification for economic activity. The main objective of the study was to find whether financial ratios affect the performance of the Agricultural Machinery companies in Iran. A firm performance evaluation and its comp...