Cigarette smuggling reduces the price of cigarettes, thwarts youth access restrictions, reduces government revenue, and undercuts the ability of taxes to reduce consumption. The tobacco industry often opposes increases to tobacco taxes on the claim that greater taxes induce more smuggling. To date, little is known about the magnitude of smuggling in the Philippines. his information is necessary...

Aesthetic principles add beauty to literature. Such are classified into many categories by various scholars. Poetry has unique characteristics. Simile, initial rhyme, head rhyme and stratification the few characteristics which adds poems. factors, i.e. of poetry is term art that refers overall language elements used beautify a literature or piece poem, in individual aesthetic collective divided...

This article presents a discussion of 'Place Name' based poems in post-independence Odia poetry. That is the 'Poetry Regional Geography', other words Place Names'. In all these 'Geography' not only expressed here as source natural beauty; History, society, culture, people's life, struggles, revolutions and new surgeon's public consciousness have emerged it! poems, Geographical field, kind etern...

Communities and regional potential are the closest relations in environment. The diversity uniqueness of each community region should be used to encourage nation’s intellectual life. Using a literature review approach, this study aimed obtain appropriate strategy for implementing community-based education local culture. Data were collected from previous research journals 2010 2021. Then, it was...

existence of words and concepts of basic sciences including mathematics, geology, biology, chemistry and physics in the poetry causes many form and conceptual rises and falls for which further investigation and criticism are necessary. science always accompanies with accuracy and science introduction  into poetic and literary  area will also involve it in accuracy and give it more depth. someti...

Poetry like other literary genres exists to be enjoyed and appreciated. The difficult task facing any instructor is to develop this sense of appreciation and enjoyment in students who are not interested in poetry. For a long time, literature in general and poetry in particular, was purged from the teaching programmes on the ground that it made no contribution to learning a foreign language for ...