Abstract Authority in Islam is often understood to operate as a site of negotiation. Based on textual analysis and ethnographic research, this article examines three case studies disparate Shi'i Sufi Orders where willing deferral certain types authority exists. In the first study, Soltanalishahi Order refer their members an outside mujtahid for all matters relating shariat , therein limiting po...

Dear Editor, In their recent paper entitled ‘Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors versus placebo in patients with major depressive disorder. A systematic review with meta-analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis’ (1), Jakobsen et al. conclude that ‘The observed harmful effects seem to outweigh the potential small beneficial clinical effects of SSRIs, if they exist’ (1). In a follow-up article ...

BACKGROUND Larval source management (LSM), which requires an understanding of the ecology and composition of the local mosquito fauna, is an important parameter in successful vector control programmes. The present study was conducted to understand the distribution of larval habitats, species composition and factors associated with the seasonal abundance of mosquito larvae in Gezira irrigation S...

Depression is an aversion to activity disorder which could lead to somatic dysfunctions such as insomnia, excessive sleeping, body aches, listlessness, and irritable bowel syndrome. The World Health Organization has projected the depression to be the second leading cause of disability worldwide by 2020. The physical and mental ill effects of somatic depression can be addressed using the osteopa...

Background: Neonatal mortality rate is an important health index. The present study was conducted to determine the mortality rate and its causes in neonatal intensive care units (NICUS) in Iran. Methods: Online search was done without time limit until June 2018 in several databases, such as PubMed, Web of Science (ISI), Scopus, Mag...

BACKGROUND Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) has been reported among depressed patients in many populations. Many depressed patients seek medical attention partly to deal with EDS, but this sleep disorder is often overlooked in clinical practice. OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of EDS among depressed patients and determine its relationship with the se...

We report on GATA3 analysis and the phenotypic spectrum in nine Japanese families with the HDR syndrome (hypoparathyroidism, sensorineural deafness, and renal dysplasia) (MIM 146255). Fluorescence in situ hybridisation and microsatellite analyses showed heterozygous gross deletions including GATA3 in four families. Sequence analysis showed heterozygous novel mutations in three families: a misse...