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Cashmere is only produced from Maraz (Kurdi) goat breed in Iraqi Kurdistan Region. The objective of this study was to assess the genetic diversity of different Maraz color types, black goat and Shami breeds using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Fourteen primers were used and nine out of them were selected based on their number of bands (NB) and polymorphic characteristics. Thes...

In an article recently published in Blood, Elliott et al 1 reported that commercially available anti–erythropoietin receptor (anti-EpoR) antibodies are hardly usable to predict EpoR expression because of their low specificity and affinity. Although we agree with the authors that many of these antibodies work poorly, we strongly disagree with them concerning 2 main points: (1) the ability of San...

The change of the 7-azaindole-water cluster structure upon electronic excitation was determined by a Franck-Condon analysis of the intensities in the fluorescence emission spectra obtained via excitation of five different vibronic bands. A total of 105 emission band intensities were fitted, together with the changes of rotational constants of one isotopomer. These rotational constants have been...

a knowledge of soil surface conditions, especially desert crust, salt crust and desert varnish is useful for improving classification of remotely sensed data. desert crust can generate high levels of reflectance, similar to those areas with high salt concentration and non-saline soil. therefore, soil surface crusts might bias thematic remote sensing of soils. in this study, we evaluated the eff...

in order to identify the sex marker in mahisefied, rutilus frisii kutum, samples from 5 male and 5 female fish were collected from the south caspian sea. polymerase chain reaction random amplified polymorphic dna (pcr-rapd) was performed using 124 primer sets. all bands were numbered using 1 and 0 scores corresponding to the presence or absence of bands, respectively and data were analyzed usin...

processing map for hot working of ti-if steel has been developed in the temperature range of 750 to 1100 °cand strain rate of 0.01 to 100 s-1. this map in the austenite region exhibits a single domain with a peak efficiencyof 45% occurring at 1025 °c and strain rate of 0.02 s-1. the domain extends over the temperature range of 1000to 1100 °c and strain rate range of 0.01 to 1 s-1. the true stre...