OBJECTIVE To investigate whether silibinin (SDH) could overcome chemoresistance of methotrexate (MTX)-resistant human rhabdomyosarcoma (hRD). METHODS This study was conducted at the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq from October 2012 to March 2013. In this in vitro study, resistance to MTX was induced in hRD cell line, the cel...

Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) is an economically important disease of cattle and buffaloes, and causes abortions, infertility, meningeal encephalitisو and keratoconjunctivitis. The aim of the study was to determine seroprevelence of the IBRantibodiesin two herds, 26buffaloes and 21 cow related agriculture research office and veterinarymedicine college respectively in Baghdad, these an...

In this paper we introduce SCARE the Spatio-Cultural Abductive Reasoning Engine which implements an algorithm that solves spatial abduction problems (Shakarian, Subrahmanian, and Sapino 2009). We review results of SCARE for activities by Iranian-sponsored “Special Groups” (Kagan, Kagan, and Pletka 2008) operating throughout the Baghdad urban area and compare these findings with experiments wher...

Background: To test effectiveness and safety of topical methotrexate 0.5%gel and to introduce new formula of methotrexate gel using suitable media for delivery. Patients and Methods: The clinical work was performed at the Department of Dermatology and Venereology in Baghdad Teaching Hospital during the period from January 2008 to October 2008. While preparation of formula was performed in the l...

Background: Current school climate theories believe that it is a multidimensional concept relates to the experiences students have during their day. According National School Climate Center, affects interactions of all students, teachers, and parents in school. It also reflects values, beliefs, teaching learning Objective(s): The aim this study determine whether environment effect willingness s...

BACKGROUND In prior reports of active data collection, we demonstrated that early use of emergency tourniquets is associated with improved survival and only minor morbidity. To check these new and important results, we continued critical evaluation of tourniquet use for 6 more months in the current study to see if results were consistent. METHODS We continued a prospective survey of casualtie...