Dental calculus or tartar is an adherent calcified mass that form on the surface of teeth and dental appliance through mineralization of bacterial dental plaque in aqueous environment. Dental calculus plays a vital role in aggravating the periodontal disease by acting as reservoir for the bacterial plaque and providing the protected-covered niche for bacteria to proliferate. Based upon the loca...

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Quantitative PCR (qPCR) has recently been used to quantify microorganisms in complex communities, including dental plaque biofilms. However, there is variability in the qPCR protocols being used. This study was designed to evaluate the validity of two of these variables with the intent of developing a more standardized qPCR protocol. The two variables evaluated were (1) the use of DNA content v...

Periodontal disease (PD) is a significant problem in dogs affecting between 44% and 63.6% of the population. The main etiological agent for PD is plaque, a microbial biofilm that colonizes teeth and causes inflammation of the gingiva. Understanding how this biofilm initiates on the tooth surface is of central importance in developing interventions against PD. Although the stages of plaque devel...

Every morning and every night you clean your teeth. Your dentist tells to do it, family does even pets might it using a special food or toy. Cleaning is done remove dental plaque that accumulates over time on teeth, above below the gumline. What why important remove? In this article, we provide an overview of plaque: what forms, how can hurt teeth gums, protect gums. We hope article inspires ke...

An 8-year-old, spayed, female shar-pei with an earlier clinical diagnosis of autoinflammatory disease presented fever and plaque-nodular ulcerative dermatitis. Dermatopathological examination was compatible diffuse, non-septal, neutrophilic panniculitis leukocytoclastic vasculitis, bacterial culture negative. Good response to prednisone treatment seen. Based on this case, cutaneous sterile vasc...

Studies using molecular techniques have demonstrated that a culture-based approach can severely underestimate the bacterial diversity in most environments. One of the molecular techniques that has been applied in microbial ecology is denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in the microbiota of plaque, using a number of analysis te...

Acidified sodium chlorite (ASC) is recognised as a highly potent, broad spectrum antimicrobial system that has been successfully developed for uses in veterinary, food processing and medical device fields. The current studies aimed to investigate the persistence of antimicrobial action and plaque inhibitory properties of 3 ASC mouthrinses by comparison with positive control, chlorhexidine 0.12%...