Background: In the last few decades, the development of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) technology has provided a method for the evaluation of landslide susceptibility and hazard. Slope units were found to be appropriate for the fundamental morphological elements in landslide susceptibility evaluation. Results: Following the DEM construction in a loess area susceptible to landslides, the...

Aerators with sharp lateral enlargements and bottom drops generally cause adverse effects in spillway tunnels a mild base slope, including serious cavity back flow water wings striking the tunnel roof. Taking RM Hydropower Station’s as its example, this paper proposes new type of combined aerator characterized by “variable slope” longitudinally transverse “sharp enlargement plus straight sectio...

The stability of the slope under excavation in various engineering is a hot issue, and both disturbances other internal factors have contributed to instability slope. study focused on deformation characteristics mechanism exit Qingshuigou tunnel Jiasha Town, Gejiu City, Honghe Prefecture, Yunnan, China. Field survey monitoring are performed reveal slope, which associated with hydrogeologic cond...

Abstract The present study investigates the maximum temperature and smoke back-layering length S in downhill direction from fire source a tilted tunnel under natural ventilation. Numerical simulations were conducted using FDS to flow behaviors for with nine slopes of 0, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7% 8%. It was found that, due stack effect, stagnated at distance direction. effects slope, ? , heat r...

A model, suitable for a row or multiple rows of photovoltaic (PV) modules, is presented for estimating the backside irradiance for bifacial PV modules. The model, which includes the effects of shading by the PV rows, is based on the use of configuration factors to determine the fraction of a source of irradiance that is received by the backside of the PV module. Backside irradiances are modeled...