Chemically managed plants impose environmental risks to humans and environment. Using biological approaches control plant diseases is a more effective environment friendly alternative. The approach disease refers controlling by using organisms like fungi, bacteria viruses. This can be done introduction or utilization of resident antagonistic living organisms. Biological achieved through differe...

The resistance to nisin was examined for the vegetative forms and the endospores of 14 strains of 9 species of the genus Bacillus. Bacilli, endospores and culture filtrates were tested for ability to inactivate nisin. Marked antinisin activity was detected in extracts of bacilli and endospores of organisms which have a lytic mechanism for rupture of the spore coat (type L); little or no activit...

BACKGROUND Extensive quantities of keratinic by-products are disposed annually by animal-processing industry, causing a mounting ecological problem due to extreme resilience of these materials to enzymatic breakdown. There is a growing trend to apply cheap and environment-friendly methods to recycle keratinic wastes. Soil bacteria of profound keratinolytic potential, especially spore-forming ro...

Electron micrographs of negatively stained preparations of cell walls of Bacillus polymyxa have been investigated by optical diffraction and optical filtering techniques. Images of single layers of the cell wall, from which the ' noise' has been filtered optically, show hollow, squareshaped morphological units arranged on a square lattice of side 100 A. Single-layer images showing the same patt...

The neutral protease of Bacillus polymyxa had a broad pH optimum (6.0 to 7.2) for activity at 37 C. The enzyme was most stable at pH 5.6 to 5.8. The protease had an optimum temperature of 37 C and was quite thermostable up to 35 C, but at higher temperatures the stability decreased rapidly. The substrate specificity of the protease was similar to that of the neutral proteases of other members o...

We isolated four strains of bacteria producing antifungal antibiotics from the rhizosphere of garlic with basal rot caused by the plant pathogenic fungal strain Fusarium oxysporum. Among them, Bacillus subtilis FR-2 was found to produce new antifungal antibiotics, named bacillopeptins A, B, and C. Their structures have been determined by 1D and 2D NMR and MS experiments, and amino acid analysis...

Label-free bacterial colony phenotyping technology called BARDOT (Bacterial Rapid Detection using Optical scattering Technology) provided successful classification of several different bacteria at the genus, species, and serovar level. Recent experiments with colonies of Bacillus species provided strikingly different characteristics of elastic light scatter (ELS) patterns, which were comprised ...