Quadrilateral space syndrome (QSS) is a rare nerve entrapment disorder that occurs when the axillary nerve and posterior circumflex humeral artery (PCHA) become compressed in the quadrilateral space. QSS presents as vague posterolateral shoulder pain that is exacerbated upon the abduction and external rotation of the shoulder. Diagnosis of QSS is difficult because of the vague presentation of Q...

Axillary artery pulsations serve as a landmark for clinical procedures like brachial plexus block and subclavian vein puncture. Axillary artery is also increasingly being utilized as a graft for coronary artery bypass. The present article reports a rare case of axillary artery variation. In this case, gross deviation from the normal anatomy was observed in an adult embalmed cadaver. Axillary ve...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Shoulder arthroscopic surgeries evolve with intense postoperative pain. Several analgesic techniques have been advocated. The aim of this study was to compare suprascapular and axillary nerve blocks in shoulder arthroscopy using the interscalene approach to brachial plexus blockade. METHODS According to the technique used, sixty-eight patients were allocated into two ...

OBJECTIVE To establish anatomical parameters for the axillary nerve by measuring the distances to the acromion and the deltopectoral access, and to ascertain whether there are any differences in comparative measurements between the left and right sides. METHOD An anatomical study on the path of the axillary nerve was conducted by dissecting 30 shoulders of 20 fresh adult cadavers. For compara...

BACKGROUND Bicarbonate, as an adjunct increasing the non-ionized form of local anesthetics, can reduce latency and prolong duration of regional nerve block. Warming of local anesthetics decreases pKa and also increases the non-ionized form of local anesthetics. We warmed ropivacaine to body temperature (37℃) and evaluated the sensory block onset time, motor block onset time and analgesic durati...

we present a case of unexpectedly prolonged motor and sensory block following a successful single injection ultrasound – guided infraclavicular block with bupivacaine (0.25%) and dexamethasone (8 mg). ultrasound guidance and safety measurement such as injection of the local anaesthetic at a slow rate and verifying that usual resistance was felt throughout the injection, has been applied. it too...

BACKGROUND There is an unsettled discussion about whether the distribution of local anesthetic is free or inhibited when performing brachial plexus blocks. This is the first study to use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to help answer this question. METHODS Thirteen patients received axillary block by a catheter-nerve stimulator technique. After locating the median nerve, a total dose of 50 m...

The axillary brachial plexus block is the most widely performed upper limb block. It is relatively simple to perform and one of the safest approaches to brachial plexus block. With the advent of ultrasound technology, there is a marked improvement in the success rate of the axillary block. This review will focus on the technique of ultrasound guided axillary brachial plexus block.

We wanted to determine whether 1 of 3 brachial plexus blocks was best for one of our most common surgeries, the cubital tunnel release with or without transposition of the ulnar nerve. Brachial plexus blocks can provide excellent results for upper extremity surgery, but we noticed inexplicable block failure for cubital tunnel releases with an incision in the proximal arm. In this case series, w...