Fractures of the calcaneus [os calcis] have received much attention because a large number involve the subtalar joint and frequently lead to chronic pain and osteoarthritic changes. Fractures not involving the subtalar joint are well recognised, but little attention has been directed to avulsion fractures except to differentiate them from the beak fracture, which is regarded as a separate entit...

We report three cases of avulsion of the ischial tuberosity with marked chronic disability after delay in diagnosis and non-union of the fracture. All were treated by open reduction and internal fixation with return to full function, allowing in one case, athletic performances of Olympic standard. We also report one patient with an acute apophyseal avulsion treated by early reduction and intern...

introduction anterior talofibular ligament (atfl) rupture is the most commonly injured anatomic structure in lateral ankle sprain. in some cases, atfl avulsion fracture from the lateral malleolus may occur instead of purely ligamentous injuries. the atfl avulsion fracture is detected as a small ossicle at the tip of lateral malleolus on direct radiographs, which is called os subfibulare in chro...

A 25-year-old male presented to the ski clinic after colliding with a tree while snowboarding. He had immediate sharp pain at his “tailbone,” but denied numbness and weakness. Past medical history was initially reported as unremarkable. On exam, he demonstrated midline tenderness over the sacrum. Pelvic radiography was performed (Figure). Imaging revealed an acute vertebral fracture, but it als...

The apophyseal fracture or avulsion of the greater trochanter occurs in skeletally immature patients. It has at etiological factors indirect mechanisms (avulsion) and direct mechanisms (trauma on the trochanter), the latter being the most common. The clinical presentation is easily identified and a simple X- ray can confirm the diagnosis. Regardless of the treatment chosen, this pathology has a...

The case of an avulsion fracture occurring in an 18 year old athlete after repeated running is presented. The fracture involved the tensor fascia lata muscle and the external oblique abdominal muscle. It was treated by open reduction and internal fixation with two screws. The patient returned to full training, including long distance running, only four weeks after the operation.

scribed in 1960 (1), is a very rare disease because the bony pelvis provides an effective shield against external injury. Thus, pelvic ring fracture or hip dislocation (1) usually precedes lumbosacral nerve root avulsion. Isolated lumbosacral nerve root avulsion is so rare that, to the best of our knowledge, only nine cases have been reported in the English literature to date (2). The diagnosti...