this study represents an intelligence procedure for diagnosis simultaneously avian newcastle disease virus, infection bronchitis virus and influenza using heart sound signal. for this aim, the chickens were divided into four groups. the first group was considered as control samples. the second, third and fourth groups were infected with newcastle disease virus, infection bronchitis and avian in...

Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is an avian coronavirus affecting the respiratory tract of chickens. To analyze IBV infection of the lower respiratory tract, we applied a technique that uses precision-cut lung slices (PCLSs). This method allows infection of bronchial cells within their natural tissue composition under in vitro conditions. We demonstrate that IBV strains 4/91, Italy02, and QX ...

the study was conducted to determine the type, frequency and severity of gross, histopathologic changes, effect of route of infection and also, tissue tropism of serotype 793/b (4/91) infectious bronchitis virus. 20 day-old specific pathogen free chicks were inoculated intra-tracheally and intra-orally with 793/b serotype and lesions studied histopathologically at interval up to 10 days post-in...

An 18- to 20-nm virus particle was isolated from the Olson strain of quail bronchitis, an avian adenovirus. On density gradient separation the small virions were primarily found at densities of 1.39 and 1.42 g/cm(3). The majority of the infectious particles were at the heavier density. The virus had a hexagonal outline and contained single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid. It was resistant to hea...

Throughout the world, populations of scavenger birds are declining rapidly with some populations already on the brink of extinction. Much of the current research into the factors contributing to these declines has focused on exposure to drug residues, lead, and other toxins. Despite increased monitoring of these declining populations, little is known about infectious diseases affecting scavenge...

A simple gold-immunochromatographic assay (GICA) based on indirect reaction format was developed for rapid detection of antibodies against avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). The detection time of IBV IgG by the GICA was less than 10 min, whereas the HI test and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) require 1-2 hr. Reference sera against newcastle disease virus, infectious bursal d...

Lesser prairie chicken (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus) abundance, like that of most grassland birds, has declined rangewide for decades. Although habitat loss and degradation are likely ultimate causes for this decline, infectious agents, particularly microparasites, could be proximate contributors. No surveys of pathogenic bacteria or viruses have been published for this species. We surveyed 24 f...

This experimental study was carried out to induce a co-infection of H9 AIV and IBV with inoculumsprepared from tracheal scrubbed epithelium tissues in natural co-infected birds to rule out the effect of fieldundesired environmental conditions and also other infectious causative agents. Eighty 1-day-old broilerswere randomly divided into four equal groups. At 21 days of age, three test groups we...

In the 3' non-coding region of the genomes of infectious bronchitis virus, an avian coronavirus and the picornavirus equine rhinovirus serotype 2, there is a motif with remarkable similarity, both in sequence and folding, to the second RNA stem-loop from the 3' end of the genomes of human astroviruses. This motif was also found in astroviruses of sheep, pig and turkey, suggesting that it is a c...