Mesenchymal stem cells are pluripotent cells found in multiple human tissues including bone marrow, synovial tissues, and adipose tissues. They have been shown to differentiate into bone, cartilage, muscle, and adipose tissue and represent a possible promising new therapy in regenerative medicine. Because of their multi-potent capabilities, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) lineages have been used su...

Several million people suffer from joint cartilage damage with very debilitating conditions. Once damaged, cartilage is a tissue that does not restore itself. Techniques such as micro-fracture, autogenous or allogenous osteochondral transplantation, and autologous chondrocyte implantation may be done to repair cartilage and relieve the patients’ symptoms. The environmental factors’ effect on th...

Background and purpose Autologous conditioned serum (ACS) is a disease-modifying drug for treatment of osteoarthritis (OA). To establish that the autologous serum has protective effect on chondropathy. The aim of this study was evaluate the efficacy of ACS as osteoarthritis therapy. Methods Literature review for intraarticular ACS somministration in human study. Results and interpretation We an...

OBJECTIVE To identify the collagen type IV (Col4) isoform in articular cartilage and to evaluate the expressions of Col4 and laminin in the pericellular matrix (PCM) in damaged cartilage and during cartilage repair. DESIGN The Col4 isoform was determined in chondrocytes isolated from 6 patients cultured up to 6 days and in 21% O2 or 1% O2, and the gene expression of Col4 α-chains was investig...

LEARNING OBJECTIVES After reading this article, the participant should be able to: 1. Understand the challenges in restoring volume and structural integrity in rhinoplasty. 2. Identify the appropriate uses of various autografts in aesthetic and reconstructive rhinoplasty (septal cartilage, auricular cartilage, costal cartilage, calvarial and nasal bone, and olecranon process of the ulna). 3. Id...

Hyaline articular cartilage has been known to be a troublesome tissue to repair once damaged. Since the introduction of autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) in 1994, a renewed interest in the field of cartilage repair with new repair techniques and the hope for products that are regenerative have blossomed. This article reviews the basic science structure and function of articu...

Magnetic resonance imaging is an important noninvasive modality in characterizing cartilage morphology, biochemistry, and function. It serves as a valuable objective outcome measure in diagnosing pathology at the time of initial injury, guiding surgical planning, and evaluating postsurgical repair. This article reviews the current literature addressing the recent advances in qualitative and qua...

Infectious scleritis by Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a well-known vision-threatening disease. In particular, scleral trauma following pterygium surgery may increase the risk of sclera inflammation. Surgical debridement and repair is necessary in patients who do not respond to medical treatments, such as topical and intravenous antibiotics. We reports herein the effectiveness of an autologous peric...

background cartilage tissue has limited regenerative capacity and the management of cartilage defects has always been a challenging issue. platelet-rich plasma (prp) has been recently been used to improve healing of cartilage defects. in the present experiment, we aimed to investigate the effects of prp on regeneration capacity as well as survival of the cartilage grafts in a rabbit model. meth...

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and arthroscopy have frequently been used to evaluate articular cartilage. Many studies have compared the accuracy of MRI to that of arthroscopy. However, there have been no previous comparison studies between MRI and arthroscopy in the evaluation of repaired cartilage after autologous chondrocyte implantation using the Magnetic Resonance Observation of Cartilag...