We consider the ultra-high energy cosmic ray (UHECR) spectrum as measured by the Pierre Auger Observatory. Top-down models for the origin of UHECRs predict an increasing photon component at energies above about 10eV. Here we present a simple prescription to compare the Auger data with a prediction assuming a pure proton component or a prediction assuming a changing primary component appropriate...

The pore pressures of the S, R, Q and P sands follow the hydrostatic gradient and are in pressure communication across the entire Auger basin, Gulf of Mexico. At the structural crests of these sands the pore pressures exceed the least principle stress; directly above the sand crests, are a series of mud volcanoes. Using 3-D seismic and pressure data we map the distribution of subsurface pressur...

Cosmic-ray photons above 10 eV can convert in the geomagnetic field and initiate a preshower, i.e. a particle cascade before entering the atmosphere. We compare the preshower characteristics at the southern and northern sites of the Pierre Auger Observatory. In addition to a shift of the preshower patterns on the sky due to the different pointing of the local magnetic field vectors, the fact th...

Solid-state Auger-electron angular distributions are known to be largely independent of the type of excitation, following roughly a cosine law for low ejection energies. In this Letter it is shown that the ion-track dynamics and the corresponding high electron temperatures lead to significant variations of these Auger distributions. Ratios for different degrees of inner-shell ionization versus ...

The Auger and radiative combination carrier lifetimes in HgCdTe bulk and quantum-well structures, with band gaps in the wavelength range 2-5 pm, are calculated. The Auger recombination rate in a HgCdTe quantum well (QW) is shown to be significantly smaller than that in bulk material. Threshold current densities of HgCdTe double-heterostructure (DH) and multiquantum-well (MQW) lasers are calcula...

An experimental evidence is reported on the observation of the Doppler effect in fluorine K-Auger line emitted from a core-ionized SF6 molecule under an impact of 16 keV electrons. The emitting source of the Auger line is found to acquire a kinetic energy of 4.7+/-0.3 keV. We propose that such large energy is released from the Coulomb repulsion taking place between F+ and SF5+ fragment ions und...

We report a systematic investigation of the size dependence of negative trion (T(-)) Auger recombination rates in free-standing colloidal CdSe nanocrystals. Colloidal n-type CdSe nanocrystals of various radii have been prepared photochemically, and their trion decay dynamics have been measured using time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy. Trion Auger time constants spanning 3 orders of ma...

Radionuclides conjugated to molecules that bind specifically to cancer cells are of great interest as a means to increase the specificity of radiotherapy. Currently, the methods to disseminate these targeted radiotherapeutics have been either systemic delivery or by bolus injection into the tumor or tumor resection cavity. Herein we model a potentially more efficient method of delivery, namely ...

Auger electrons emitted in nuclear decay offer a unique tool to treat cancer cells at the scale of a DNA molecule. Over the last forty years many aspects of this promising research goal have been explored, however it is still not in the phase of serious clinical trials. In this paper, we review the physical processes of Auger emission in nuclear decay and present a new model being developed to ...