The utilization of muscle triacylglycerols was studied during and after prolonged bicycle ergometer exercise to exhaustion in eight healthy young men. Two days before exercise and in the postexercise recovery period, subjects were fed a carbohydrate-rich diet (65-70% of energy from carbohydrates). Exercise decreased muscle glycogen concentrations from 533 ± 18 to 108 ± 10 mmol/kg dry wt, wherea...

Immunochemical evidence is presented for the presence of blood-group-related carbohydrate structures on human milk galactosyltransferase and for the occurrence of the corresponding specificities among rabbit antibodies to this enzyme. Although these carbohydrate specificities constitute minor populations among antisera and affinity-purified antibodies to galactosyltransferase, their presence is...

To test whether lipoprotein lipase or hepatic lipase activities are associated with lipoprotein subclasses, and to assess the effects of dietary manipulations on these associations, enzyme activities were measured in postheparin plasma (75 U heparin/kg) from 43 healthy men who were randomly allocated to a low-fat (24% fat, 60% carbohydrate) and a high-fat (46% fat, 38% carbohydrate) diet for 6 ...

Cells adapt to changing nutrient availability by modulating a variety of processes, including the spatial sequestration of enzymes, the physiological significance of which remains controversial. These enzyme deposits are claimed to represent aggregates of misfolded proteins, protein storage, or complexes with superior enzymatic activity. We monitored spatial distribution of lipid biosynthetic e...

In the present study, we investigated the biochemical alterations and gene expression of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism after oral administration of vitamin A and E for 2 months in diet-induced obese Wistar rats. Vitamin A and E administration reduced significantly the increase in body weight and food intake and normalized the alterations in lipid profiles in obese rats compared to normal ra...

Peripherally active anorectic agents represent a new approach to the pharmacological management of obesity. Two inhibitors of carbohydrate absorption: an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, acarbose (Bay g 5421) and a alpha-amylase inhibitor, Ro 12-2272, were compared with two novel inhibitors of lipid metabolism: an inhibitor of human pancreatic lipase (Ro 20-0083) and of hepatic fatty acid synthesis...

The mud crab, Scylla paramamosain, has abundant nutrients in the ovary, where numerous lipids accumulate during ovarian maturation. However, mechanism behind accumulation of ovary crab maturation is largely unknown. This study conducted a comparative transcriptome analysis ovaries crabs at various stages A total 63.69 Gb clean data was obtained, with Q30 93.34%, and 81,893 unigenes were identif...

A systematic study has shown the importance of the different factors which are concerned with the action of lipase on a substrate (1,3-didecanoylglycerol). These consist of a) the process of adsorption of lipase to the surface, b) the necessity of limited stirring to reach equilibrium, and c) the persistence during the reaction process of the enzyme molecules adsorbed on the monolayer. On the b...

We tested whether a concentration of unleaded gasoline (UG) vapor that was selectively hepatocarcinogenic in female mice in a chronic bioassay is antiestrogenic and whether liver tumor promotion by UG is secondary to antiestrogenicity. Twelve-day-old female C57BL/6 x C3H F1 mice (hereafter called B6C3F1) received i.p. injections of N-nitrosodiethylamine (5 mg/kg) or vehicle. Beginning at 5-7 we...

In vitro digestion studies often use animal digestive enzyme extracts as substitutes of human gastric and pancreatic secretions. Pancreatin from porcine origin is thus commonly used to provide relevant enzymes such proteases, amylase lipase. Rabbit (RGE) have been recently introduced lipase in addition pepsin. Before preparing simulated with targeted activities described protocols, it important...