We introduce a visual approach for nding a good modularization of object-oriented systems. We regard modularization as system partitioning where each class belongs to exactly one module. A good modulariza-tion requires that class dependencies are as local to a module as possible which mirrors the well-known quality principles of strong module cohesion and weak module coupling. In our approach, ...

Abstract: Let be a commutative ring and be a unitary module. We define a semiprime submodule of a module and consider various properties of it. Also we define semi-radical of a submodule of a module and give a number of its properties. We define modules which satisfy the semi-radical formula and present the existence of such a module.  

The efficiency of the ligand-building module of ARP/wARP version 6.1 has been assessed through extensive tests on a large variety of protein-ligand complexes from the PDB, as available from the Uppsala Electron Density Server. Ligand building in ARP/wARP involves two main steps: automatic identification of the location of the ligand and the actual construction of its atomic model. The first ste...

The paper focuses on practical aspects of decomposing OWL ontologies into logically coherent fragments, called atoms, and maintaining large ontologies in the decomposed form. While the recently proposed atomic decomposition exhibits some very attractive formal properties and promises important applications, e.g., module extraction, its practical applicability has been far from clear. Two partic...

An R-module M is called epi-retractable if every submodule of MR is a homomorphic image of M. It is shown that if R is a right perfect ring, then every projective slightly compressible module MR is epi-retractable. If R is a Noetherian ring, then every epi-retractable right R-module has direct sum of uniform submodules. If endomorphism ring of a module MR is von-Neumann regular, then M is semi-...

The concepts of free modules, projective modules, injective modules and the likeform an important area in module theory. The notion of free fuzzy modules was introducedby Muganda as an extension of free modules in the fuzzy context. Zahedi and Ameriintroduced the concept of projective and injective L-modules. In this paper we give analternate definition for projective L-modules. We prove that e...

let $r$ be a commutative ring. in this paper we assert some properties of finitely generated comultiplication modules and fitting ideals of them.

we show that every semi-artinian module which is contained in a direct sum of finitely presented modules in $si[m]$, is weakly co-semisimple if and only if it is regular in $si[m]$. as a consequence, we observe that every semi-artinian ring is regular in the sense of von neumann if and only if its simple modules are $fp$-injective.