In recognition of the 0ct)ober 1964 declaration of the International Committee of Weights and Measures that the physical measurement of time be based on a particular transition between two hyperfine levels in the ground state of cesium 133, a review of the characteristics of cesium beam atomic frequency standards is presented. This article discusses the general requirements for frequency and ti...

Theories for laser-atom interactions have been under development since the advent of laser technology. The theories have yet to be adequately integrated into kinetic flow solvers. Realizing this integration would greatly enhance the scaling of laser-species interactions beyond the realm of ultra-cold atomic physics. A representative numerical investigation was conducted using a custom collision...

Over the last few decades, there has been a growing interest in all-optical approaches to computing and information processing 1 . All-optical approaches do not suffer from the intrinsic slow response of electronic components and have the potential for signal routing, processing, multiplexing, and demultiplexing with speeds exceeding terahertz THz rates. As is the case for electronic logic gate...

We propose two interferometric schemes to experimentally detect in real space the onset of pair condensation in a two-spin-component Fermi gas. Two atomic wave packets are coherently extracted from the gas at different positions and are mixed by a matter-wave beam splitter: we show that the spatial long-range order of the atomic pairs in the gas reflects in the atom counting statistics in the b...

Doppler and transit broadening effects inherent in a thermal atomic beam reduce the size of quantum fluctuations in a cavity QED system. A cold continuous atomic beam would reduce these effects, but would not eliminate the different atom–field couplings associated with the random distribution of atoms throughout the cavity. We present results that describe the effect that this has on quantum fl...

We propose an alternative method to laser cooling. Our approach utilizes the extreme brightness of a supersonic atomic beam, and the adiabatic atomic coilgun to slow atoms in the beam or to bring them to rest. We show how internal-state optical pumping and stimulated optical transitions, combined with magnetic forces, can be used to cool the translational motion of atoms. This approach does not...

We measure the noise added by an atomic point contact operated as a displacement detector. With a microwave technique, we increase the measurement speed of atomic point contacts by a factor of 500. The measurement is then fast enough to detect the resonant motion of a nanomechanical beam at frequencies up to 60 MHz and sensitive enough to observe the random thermal motion of the beam at 250 mK....

The chameleon is a scalar field whose mass depends on the density of its environment. Chameleons are necessarily coupled to matter particles and will excite transitions between atomic energy levels in an analogous manner to photons. When created inside an optical cavity by passing a laser beam through a constant magnetic field, chameleons are trapped between the cavity walls and form a standing...

We demonstrate a coherent atomic beam splitter for metastable helium atoms, based on the diffraction of atomic matter waves from a blazed phase grating. The beam splitter is created by driving the two transitions of a three-level V system with differentially detuned standing light waves that have a relative spatial phase shift of pi/2. The light f ields create a potential that is approximately ...

We review an atomic resolution imaging method based on the analysis of the fine structure in X-ray absorption anisotropy, which results from incident beam diffraction. For a polychromatic X-ray beam, due to the suppression of higher order diffraction fringes, X-ray absorption anisotropy patterns can be interpreted as distorted real-space projections of the atomic structure around absorbing atom...