o bjectives: headgears are among the effective orthodontic appliances to achieve treatment goals. unilateral molar distal movement is sometimes needed during an orthodontic treat- ment, which can be achieved by an asymmetric headgear. different unilateral headgears have been introduced. the main goal of this study was to analyze the force system of uni- lateral expanded outer bow asymmetric hea...

Coupled asymmetric double well (aφ2−bφ3+cφ4) one-dimensional potentials arise in the context of first order phase transitions both in condensed matter physics and field theory. Here we provide an exhaustive set of exact periodic solutions of such a coupled asymmetric model in terms of elliptic functions (domain wall arrays) and obtain single domain wall solutions in specific limits. We also cal...

We study the phase diagrams of z:1 size-asymmetric primitive models (PMs) using a theory that exploits the method of collective variables. Based on the explicit expression for the relevant chemical potential (conjugate to the order parameter) which includes the correlation effects up to the third order we consider some particular cases of asymmetric PMs (1:1, 2:1 and 3:1 systems). Coexistence c...

The thermodynamics of a charge-asymmetric lattice gas of positive ions carrying charge q and negative ions with charge 2zq is investigated using Debye–Hückel theory. Explicit analytic and numerical calculations, which take into account the formation of neutral and charged clusters and cluster solvation by the residual ions, are performed for z52, 3, and 4. As charge asymmetry increases, the pre...

Advances in theory and processing power have established computation as a valuable interpretative and predictive tool in the discovery of new asymmetric catalysts. This tutorial review outlines the theory and practice of modeling stereoselective reactions. Recent examples illustrate how an understanding of the fundamental principles and the application of state-of-the-art computational methods ...

[1] Recently, Cassak and Shay (2007) applied a generalized Sweet‐Parker analysis to derive scaling laws for gross properties of asymmetric magnetic reconnection, including the reconnection rate, outflow speed, and outflow density. This study presents the first comprehensive test of this scaling theory using fully electromagnetic particle‐in‐cell simulations of antiparallel asymmetric magnetic r...

This note comments on Feuerstein’s (Feuerstein, Switgard, BCollusion in industrial economics: A survey,^ forthcoming in Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade, 2005) survey of collusion theory. I start by presenting evidence from a recent real-world collusion case: the lysine industry. Based on this, I point out a few areas where collusion theory can improve: (a) the problem of equilibrium ...

Spacers are used in spiral wound and plate and frame membrane modules to create flow channels between adjacent membrane layers and mix fluid within the flow channel. Flow through the spacer has a significant beneficial impact on mixing and resulting mass transfer rates but is accompanied by an undesirable increase in pressure drop. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is a common tool used to eva...

The structural and electronic properties of the carbonyl sulfide dimer anion are calculated using density functional theory within a pseudopotential method. Three geometries are optimized and investigated: C2v and C2 symmetric, as well as one asymmetric structure. A distribution of an excess charge in three isomers are studied by the Hirshfeld method. In an asymmetric (OCS)−2 isomer the charge ...