Recent studies with kindling and convulsant drug models of epilepsy suggest that the piriform (primary olfactory) cortex may be particularly susceptible to generation of epileptiform activity. The present study has examined the generation of interictal epileptiform events in the piriform cortex of kindled rats in vivo, taking advantage of special features of this system that facilitate physiolo...

Handling Editor: Matthew Heard Abstract 1. How much a plant is attacked by insect herbivores likely depends on its apparency and ability to produce defensive traits, which may be modified by neighbouring plants and abiotic conditions. Yet, how much the direct and trait-mediated effects of neighbours on herbivory is modified by abiotic factors is still unknown. 2. By using a tree diversity exper...

This paper presents GTD-POP, a planning methodology based on the Generate, Test and Debug paradigm. GTD-POP’s goal is to achieve a compromise between planning efficiency and soundness by using associational knowledge to guide its search for interaction checks in a partially-ordered plan. This paper describes the GTD-POP and discusses issues involved in evaluating the behavior of practical plann...

While most traditional works on the life of Prophet Muḥammad focus how his ostensible teachings and actions can be used as a template for human conduct, thirteenth-century Sufi thinker, Muḥyī al-Dīn ibn ‘Arabī (d. 638/1240), turns attention to spiritual significance inner reality Muḥammad. Ibn argues that seal prophets, was not only given Qur’an, which incorporated elements from previous revela...

Although it has been recognized for some years that each cytoarchitectonic field of Ammon's horn and the subiculum gives rise to a specific pattern of cortical and subcortical projections, it has not been clear whether these various projections arise from different populations of neurons within each field or whether they arise as collaterals from an essentially homogeneous population of cells. ...

IN 1942, Dempsey and Morison (4-6, 24) discovered in cats a thalamic system which upon direct repetitive stimulation evoked recruiting wave responses in broad areas of the cortex. Evidence was presented that the physiological counterpart of this response to stimulation was burst or spindle activity recorded from the cortex of cats under surgical barbiturate anesthesia. Interest in the mechanism...

Pure neuroectodermal growth was obtained from the retina of the chicken embryo by removing the pecten before preparation of the cultures. Retinal tissue was cultured either as explants in plasma clots or as isolated cells after trypsinization. Epithelial cells formed sheets on which the other retinal cells grew. Horizontal cells maintained the associational characteristics. Development of photo...

Patterns of herbivory may vary with fine-scale plant community structure: the degree of damage plants experience may depend on their neighbors (i.e., associational resistance or susceptibility). Differential herbivory, in turn, may facilitate a shift in plant community structure. We investigated these reciprocal effects of plant community structure and insect herbivory in a field mesocosm exper...

this study aims at using a deductive reasoning to extract several hypotheses from patriarchy, subordination, alienation and perceived relative deprivation theories to establish an empirical association between patriarchy as an independent variable and perceived relative deprivation and alienation of women as a dependent variable. specifically, the study attempts to answer the question: does pat...