This paper presents a formal and computational methodology for incorporation of new knowledge into knowledge bases about actions and changes. We employ Gelfond and Lifschitz’ action description language A to describe domains of actions. The knowledge bases on domains of actions are defined and obtained by a new translation from domain descriptions in J into abductive normal logic programs, wher...

It was recently demonstrated that feeding a silicon-in-silica coaxial fiber into flame—imparting steep silica viscosity gradient—results in the formation of silicon spheres whose size is controlled by feed speed [Gumennik et al., “Silicon-in-silica via axial thermal gradient in-fiber capillary instabilities,” Nat. Commun. 4, 2216 (2013)]. A reduced model to predict droplet from then derived Mow...

Introduction. In order to understand the cellular and tissue damages or changes in various diseases, it is imperative to be knowledgeable about the normal structure of different tissues. The Histology course, which is taught in the first year of medicine in Iran, is supposed to provide such knowledge. In this study, we did evaluate this course for its methods of teaching as well as clinical r...