Accurate effort estimation of software development projects plays a key role in project success. However, it is still a challenge activity to researchers and practitioners because of the nature of software products and dynamics in software industry and development environment. Artificial neural network (ANN) is as an effective method and has been widely used in various areas of software enginee...

In practical calculations, it is often essential to introduce artificial boundaries to limit the area of computation. Here we develop a systematic method for obtaining a hierarchy of local boundary conditions at these artifical boundaries. These boundary conditions not only guarantee stable difference approximations, but also minimize the (unphysical) artificial reflections that occur at the bo...

Mrs. Adelman, a woman in her late fifties suffered from a visual disorder called age-related macular degeneration, also commonly known as AMD. AMD occurs when the macula, a small spot near the center of the retina and the part of the eye needed for sharp vision, deteriorates overtime due to age [1]. Once Mrs. Adelman was diagnosed with the disorder, her and her husband, immediately began to do ...

An artificial pancreas (AP) to treat type 1 diabetes mellitus is currently being designed using the latest control technology. There are many challenges to this undertaking, many due to the fact that this is a biological system, making this device high risk while presenting challenges for sensing and delivery. A controller for this system, zone model predictive control, has been designed to con...

More than 100,000 people in the United States await kidney transplantation, while 400,000 people live with endstage kidney disease that requires hemodialysis, the most common treatment for advanced kidney failure. However, the kidney transplantation method is hindered by the scarcity of available donors and the increase of waiting times and patients’ mortality while on the waiting list. Donor o...