BACKGROUND Articular cartilage homoeostasis is critical for joint function. The steady state homoeostasis of articular cartilage is a balance between anabolic morphogens such as cartilage derived morphogenetic proteins (CDMPs) and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) of the BMP family and catabolic cytokines such as interleukin (IL)1, IL17, and tumour necrosis factor alpha. Although bone and arti...

The view of articular cartilage as a non-regeneration organ has been challenged in recent years. The articular cartilage consists of distinct zones with different cellular and molecular phenotypes, and the superficial zone has been hypothesized to harbour stem cells. Furthermore, the articular cartilage demonstrates a distinct pattern regarding stem cell markers (that is, Notch-1, Stro-1, and v...

With increasing life expectancy, the demand for preservation of native articular cartilage is increasing to delay joint arthroplasties. In the knee, there are many different strategies to preserve the articular cartilage including but not limited to corrective osteotomies, chondral injury restoration, intraarticular injection of cells or growth factors(PRP). However, One of the most important s...

Contrast-enhanced micro-computed tomography (CEμCT) with phosphotungstic acid (PTA) has shown potential for detecting collagen distribution of articular cartilage. However, the selectivity of the PTA staining to articular cartilage constituents remains to be elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate the dependence of PTA for the collagen content in bovine articular cartilage. Adjacen...

In 1743, Hunter11 described ulcerations of articular cartilage as problems that will not heal. The clinical consequences of articular cartilage knee defects are pain, swelling, mechanical symptoms, athletic and functional disability, and osteoarthritis (Figure 1). Full-thickness articular cartilage defects have a poor capacity to heal. The challenge to restore the articular cartilage surface is...

BACKGROUND Articular cartilage undergoes an important maturation process from neonate to adult that is reflected by alterations in matrix protein organization and increased heterogeneity of chondrocyte morphology. In the horse, these changes are influenced by exercise during the first five months of postnatal life. Transcriptional profiling was used to evaluate changes in articular chondrocyte ...

BACKGROUND/AIM Synovial chondromatosis associated, intra-articular loose bodies are usually small in size. Giant intra-articular loose bodies are rare. CASE REPORT We present the case of a patient with synovial chondromatosis associated giant intra-articular loose bodies located under the patella and the intercondylar fossa, treated successfully with combined arthroscopic and open excision. ...

The articular and growth plate cartilages of osteochondrotic pigs were examined and compared with those from clinically normal animals. Both types of osteochondrotic cartilage showed considerable localised thickening apparently due to a lack of ossification. Histological examination of cartilage lesions demonstrated a breakdown in the normal pattern of chondrocyte maturation. Articular cartilag...

We report a case of intra-articular angiolipoma of the knee. This case report describes our experience in excising an intra-articular angiolipoma of the knee joint. Complete resection under arthroscopy was performed in a 30-year-old man. Two years after the surgery, no evidence of recurrence was seen. Intra-articular angiolipomas should be considered in the differential diagnosis of intra-artic...

In case of intra-articular osteoid osteoma, misdiagnosis as juvenile arthritis may occur, delaying adequate treatment. We report cases of intra-articular osteoid osteomas in children that were misdiagnosed and initially inappropriately treated with intra-articular corticoid injection. Diagnosis of osteoid osteoma was finally given by CT-scan and appropriate treatment by radiofrequency ablation ...