this paper is concerned with asphaltene deposition in fluid flowing through pipelines. brownian diffusion and drag, gravitational, thermophoresis, buoyancy, and shear removal are considered as possible mechanisms in the asphaltene deposition process. the thermo-physical properties of the fluid were obtained from iranian oil fields. a model was used in the pipeline deposition modeling to predict...

ammonium ions wastewater pollution has become one of the most serious environmental problems today. the treatment of ammonium ions is a special concern due to their recalcitrance and persistence in the environment. in recent years, various methods for ammonium ion removal from wastewater have been extensively studied. this paper reviews the current methods that have been used to treat ammonium ...

adsorption and water treatment of ca (ii) and mg (ii) hardness were investigated via adsorption of metal ions onto commercial polyacrylic acid hydrogel beads as a novel sorbent for metal ions (ca2+, mg2+) removal and water treatment. batch equilibrium technique was carried out under the influence of solution ph, contact time, sorbent dosage, initial metal concentration and competitive study. th...

nitrate is an anion of major importance particularly in biological areas. excessive amounts in water supplies indicate pollution from sewage or agricultural effluents. the effects of excessive quantities of nitrate in water are well known. in this research structural modification of natural clinoptilolite by isomorphic substitution was performed. isomorphously substituted zeolite was prepared u...

the objective of this research is to find an economically attractive alternative method for hydrodesulfurization of petroleum fractions and to select a suitable adsorbent for this process.deep desulfurization of transportation fuels (gasoline, diesel, and jet fuels) is being mandated by governments and is also needed for future fuel cell applications. however, it is extremely difficult and cost...

the effluents of tannery industries are the major source of chromium contamination in thegroundwater. in most of the sub-urban areas ground water is the major source of drinking water. for humanbeing long term exposure to chromium is detrimental. the main objective of this study is to assess thegroundwater contamination and to adopt appropriate methods and to develop suitable techniques either ...

background: phenol is an organic pollutant found in industrial effluents that is very toxic to humans and the environment. this study used pomegranate peel ash as a natural absorbent to remove phenol from aqueous solutions. methods: in this study, pomegranate peel ash in different doses was used as a new adsorbent for the removal of phenol. the effects of contact time, ph, adsorbent dose and in...

background : textile wastewater is the most important pollutant of the environment. navy blue (nb) ce-rn is an important chemical dye widely used in the textile industry. the present study aimed to investigate the removal of nb textile dyes from aqueous solutions using magnetic iron oxide absorbents. methods: in this study, a sample of synthetic wastewater with nb concentration of 50 mg/l was u...

Unwanted facial and body hair is a common problem, generating a high level of interest for treatment innovations. A wide range of modalities for the management of unwanted hair have been advocated over the years with varying degrees of clinical success. Most recently, lasers and light sources have been used to address this problem with improved clinical success rates in properly selected patien...

BACKGROUND Thin hairs are critical to achieve natural result in female hairline correction surgery. However, there are few studies on the usefulness of hair thinning by intense pulsed light (IPL) after hairline correction surgery in East Asian females. METHODS Hair thinning using IPL was performed in 54 women who had complained about thick hairs along the frontal hairline after hairline corre...