Arsenic (As) accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa) may pose a significant health risk to consumers. Plants take up different As species using various pathways. Here, we investigated the contribution of the phosphate (Pi) transport pathway to As accumulation in rice grown hydroponically or under flooded soil conditions. In hydroponic experiments, a rice mutant defective in OsPHF1 (for phosphate tr...

The arsenate poisoning of R17 phage eclipse in Escherichia coli cultures grown in glycerol-containing medium has been found to be mediated by a dramatic loss in cell-associated F pili. Poisoning was very rapid and was nearly complete within 3 min at 37 C. The loss of pili was reflected by a 90% reduction in the ability of these cells to attach ribonucleic acid phage and by a reduction in the pi...

Steady exposure to environmental arsenic has led to the evolution of vital cellular detoxification mechanisms. Under aerobic conditions, a two-step process appears most common among microorganisms involving reduction of predominant, oxidized arsenate (H(2)As(V)O(4)(-)/HAs(V)O(4)(2-)) to arsenite (As(III)(OH)(3)) by a cytosolic enzyme (ArsC; Escherichia coli type arsenate reductase) and subseque...

Arsenic (As) is toxic, carcinogenic and causes serious health problems. While As occurs naturally due to volcanic activity, the major anthropogenic sources of As are metal processing, burning of coal and arsenic-based pesticides or herbicides. Arsenate (AsO4) and arsenite (AsO3) are the primary chemical forms found in soil. Because of the wide distribution of arsenic compounds, arsenic resistan...

Abstract Previous studies have suggested that arsenic crosses the placenta and affects fetus development. The study under consideration aims to show comparative ameliorative effect of Moringa oleifera leaf flower extracts against sodium arsenate induced toxicity mice. Pregnant mice (N=44) were kept in lab divided into eleven group from (A K) orally administered doses 6 mg/kg, 12 mg/kg for arsen...

Chemical control of insects is considered one of the most beneficial developments of civilization (Klassen & Schwartz, 1983). As long ago as 1000 B.C., sulfur compounds were used to control insects in Asia Minor (National Academy of Science, 1969). However, the extensive use of chemicals to control pests has developed only in the last 150 years. The first example of large-scale effective chemic...

red mud (rm), a waste tailing from alumina production, (as an important environmental problem), can be used as a strong absorbent pollutant. in this study, the modified red mud (mrm) and pillared clay (pilc) were used for the removal of arsenate from water. the modified red mud (mrm) and pilc complex were characterized using xrd, sem and xrf microanalysis. the adsorption of arsenate on modified...

The uptake of arsenate (As(V)) and dimethylarsinic acid (DMAA) by aquatic macrophyte Spirodela polyrhiza L. was investigated to determine the influence of arsenic interaction with PO4(3-) and Fe ions. Plants were grown hydroponically on standard Murashige and Skoog (MS) culture solutions. Arsenic concentrations in Fe-oxide (Fe-plaque) on plant surfaces were determined by citrate-bicarbonate-eth...

Many plant species are able to reduce arsenate to arsenite efficiently, which is an important step allowing detoxification of As through either efflux of arsenite or complexation with thiol compounds. It has been suggested that this reduction is catalyzed by ACR2, a plant homologue of the yeast arsenate reductase ScACR2. Silencing of AtACR2 was reported to result in As hyperaccumulation in the ...