The best surgical treatment for Chiari malformation is unclear, especially in patients with syringomyelia. We reviewed the records of 16 patients who underwent suboccipital craniectomy at our institution between 2005 and 2008. Of the six patients who did not undergo duraplasty, four showed improvement postoperatively. Two patients without syringomyelia showed improvement postoperatively. Of the...

Chiari type I malformation (CMI) is a congenital hindbrain anomaly characterized by downward displacement of the cerebellar tonsils through the foramen magnum. Chiari type I malformation often presents with a complex clinical picture and can be sporadic or linked to a variety of genetic conditions. We report on a girl in whom Chiari type I malformation was associated with hypoglycemia, headache...

Holoprosencephaly (HPE), the most common human forebrain malformation, occurs in 1 in 250 fetuses and 1 in 16,000 live births. HPE is etiologically heterogeneous, and its pathology is variable. Several mouse models of HPE have been generated, and some of the molecular causes of different forms of HPE and the mechanisms underlying its variable pathology have been revealed by these models. Herein...

magnetic resonance findings described above. The most common symptoms are occipital headache, triggered by Valsalva maneuver or neck extension, retroorbital pain, and visual disorders or symptoms simulating Ménière disease with hearing loss, vertigo, and tinnitus.5 Additionally, compression of the brainstem can lead to hydrocephalus or syringomyelia in up to 40% of cases.6 We describe a 54-year...

S y r i n g o m y e l i a i . e . I m p a i r e d neuromuscular transmission is a rare cause (0.01%) of type 2 respiratory failure. Here i am discussing a case who presented with hypercapnic respiratory failure and on evolution found to be afflicted with extensive syrinx involving cervical spinal cord. A prediabetic 45 yrs old lady presented in our casualty with complaints of cough with expecto...

The teratogenicity of ethylenethiourea (ETU) was investigated in Sprague-Dawley rats and Landrace pigs. Pregnant rats each received a single intragastric dose of ETU on a given day from day 8 to day 19 of gestation, and pregnant pigs were given a single dose of ETU from day 15 to day 19. Control animals received an ETU-free vehicle. The newborn pigs were all normal, whereas there were high inci...