The ability to detect central apneas is a useful addition to an automatic algorithm for the treatment of OSA. The ResMed AutoSet algorithm has recently been enhanced to include a Central Sleep Apnea Detector (CSAD). This paper describes the CSAD as part of the enhanced AutoSet algorithm on the S9 flow generator and documents the process of validation which included early human testing, bench te...

STUDY OBJECTIVES Inadequate sleep and sleep disordered breathing (SDB) can impair learning skills. Questionnaires used to evaluate sleepiness in adults are usually inadequate for adolescents. We conducted a study to evaluate the performance of a Spanish version of the Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale (PDSS) and to assess the impact of sleepiness and SDB on academic performance. DESIGN A cro...

Laryngeal chemoreflexes (LCR) are triggered by the contact of liquids with the laryngeal mucosa. In the mature organism, LCR trigger lower airway protective responses (coughing, effective swallowing, and arousal) to prevent aspiration. General belief holds that LCR are responsible for apnea and bradycardia in the newborn mammal, including humans. Our laboratory has recently shown that LCR in fu...

BACKGROUND Cognitive impairment is one of the main consequences of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and is usually attributed in part to the oxidative stress caused by intermittent hypoxia in cerebral tissues. The presence of oxygen-reactive species in the brain tissue should be produced by the deoxygenation-reoxygenation cycles which occur at tissue level during recurrent apneic events. However, ...

Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) is a common state experienced in several breathing disorders, including obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and apneas of prematurity. Unraveling how CIH affects the CNS, and in turn how the CNS contributes to apneas is perhaps the most challenging task. The preBötzinger complex (preBötC) is a pre-motor respiratory network critical for inspiratory rhythm generation....

918 Pharyngeal Muscles during Sleep (Strohl, Olson) W hile it is known that neural activation of pharyngeal muscle exhibits respiratory periodicity and is an integral part of the respiratory control system,’ the mechanical consequences of neuromuscular activity in upper airway muscles are not well understood. Clinical and physiologic studies of Remmers et al,2 Brouillete and Thach,3 and others4...