conclusions atypical chickenpox infections should be suspected in any patient who presents unexplained abdominal pain, fever, and dyspnea, even if cutaneous lesions are minimal. an early diagnosis can prevent a fatal outcome. introduction infection with varicella-zoster virus (vzv) in healthy adults tends to be more severe. antiviral medication (often prescribed for adults), is effective in red...

Background: Acyclovir (ACV) is a synthetic purine nucleoside analog drived from guanosine. ACV possesses antiviral activity against Herpes Simplex Virus types 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2 ), Varicella Zoster virus (VZV) , Epstein Barr virus (EBV) and Cytomegalovirus (CMV). ACV exert its effects by interfering with DNA synthesis,thus inhibiting viral replication. ACV is khown to be toxic to gonads,t...

Influenza virus infection is a major source of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Due to the variable effectiveness of existing vaccines, especially in the early stages of an epidemic, antiviral drugs represent the first line of defense against the virus. Currently, there are two major classes of anti-influenza drugs approved by the FDA for clinical use: M2 protein inhibitors (amantadine and ri...

BTD, Ltd. has introduced a new direction in the use of antisense agents in therapeutics that can lead to breakthroughs in the development of antisense drugs. As described in this non confidential summary, it has already resulted in the development of promising antisense antiviral agents, as demonstrated by their significant in vitro effects on hepatitis C virus activity as well as on other viru...

BTD, Ltd. has introduced a new direction in the use of antisense agents in therapeutics that can lead to breakthroughs in the development of antiviral drugs. As described in this non confidential summary, it has already resulted in the development of promising antiviral agents, as demonstrated by their significant in vitro and in vivo effects on hepatitis C virus activity as well as on other vi...

While measures such as closing schools and social distancing may slow the effects of pandemic influenza, only vaccines and antiviral drugs are clearly efficacious in preventing infection or treating illness. Unless the pandemic strain closely resembles one already recognized, vaccine will not be available early. However, studies can be conducted beforehand to address questions concerning vaccin...

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infections are common and lead to lifelong infections. In immunocompetent individuals, primary infections are mostly subclinical or they may be associated with a self-limited mononucleosis-like syndrome. In contrast, infections in immunocompromised hosts (either primary infections, reactivations from latency, or reinfections) are associated with important morbidity ...

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major worldwide problem causes acute and chronic HCV infection. Current treatment of HCV includes pegylated interferon-α (PEG IFN- α) plus ribavirin (RBV) which has significant side effects depending upon the type of genotype. Currently, there is a need to develop antiviral agents, both from synthetic chemistry and Herbal sources. In the last decade, vario...

We provide a data-driven method for optimizing pharmacy-based distribution of antiviral drugs during an influenza pandemic in terms of overall access for a target population and apply it to the state of Texas, USA. We found that during the 2009 influenza pandemic, the Texas Department of State Health Services achieved an estimated statewide access of 88% (proportion of population willing to tra...

During the last 30 years, significant progress has been made in the development of novel antiviral drugs, mainly crystallizing in the establishment of potent antiretroviral therapies and the approval of drugs inhibiting hepatitis C virus replication. Although major targets of antiviral intervention involve intracellular processes required for the synthesis of viral proteins and nucleic acids, a...